A Tale of Determination

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Presentation transcript:

A Tale of Determination Westward Expansion

Santa Fe Trail 700 miles long Start – Independence, MO to Santa Fe, NM (direction of the Southwest) William Becknell was the 1st to travel this trail

Mountain men Helped by Natives Traded fur/pelts Rendezvous system Started by William Ashley Once a year – men met in the mountains to sell furs/trade After – went back to hunt the rest of the year Result…made more trails for settlers to follow

Oregon Country Oregon Trail Start Independence, MO in the direction of the Northwest Farmers – looked for land to farm Missionaries – looked to convert Natives to Christianity

Native relationships Treaty of Fort Laramie Each Native group was: Given a defined territory Pledged to never attack each other or Americans Allowed US gov’t to build roads & forts in the territories The US would: Make annual payments to the Natives Honor each group’s boundaries

Other groups also rebelled: Cayuse War Cayuses killed Marcus & Narcissa Whitman along with 12 others (missionaries) Five Cayuses were executed by US officials Other groups also rebelled: Walla Wallas Yakimas Spokanes

Polk – Presidential Campaign “54 40’ or fight” was his political campaign slogan Wanted the boundary of US to be 54 40’ but stayed as 49th parallel instead

Negatives of Oregon Country Harsh climate Bad conditions Raging rivers Only could travel from months of April/May to August/September Any time in between – too dangerous Took 3 – 6 months to travel the entire Oregon Trail Donner Party Got caught in the harsh winter of the Northwest Resorted to cannibalism to survive

California Gold Rush 1848 – John Sutter and employee, James W. Marshall found gold in their mill People who went to seek fortune became known as the “Forty – Niners” 14,000 population – 1848 to 20,000 population – 1852 Caused California to become one of the 1st states in the West Natives, Chinese, African-Americans faced: Discrimination Prejudice Slavery No political/legal rights