Progressive Politicians Reforming Government Roosevelt and the Square Deal Reform Under Taft Wilson’s New Freedom

Bell Ringer – Outline of a Progressive Politician List the characteristics, platform, values and examples of a progressive politician on the sheet that you have been given.

Objectives Summarize the reforms that were enacted to make U.S. voting procedures more democratic. Describe how reformers sought to improve city governments. Discuss the goals of progressive state leaders.

Government Corruption Political machines help out special interest groups Similar to the idea of lobbying

Election Reforms “Give the government back to the people.” Break the power of political bosses through: Direct primaries Seventeenth Amendment Create a secret ballot Election Reform Initiative Referendum Recall

Reforming City Government Success comes from enthusiastic local leaders Samuel M. Jones Tom Johnson People fear change giving poor too much power Cities are run like a business with city managers

Reforming State Government Robert M. LaFollette creates the Wisconsin Idea Need for a direct primary, increase taxes Inspiration to other leaders

Assignment Go to pg. 299 in your text and complete questions (2-7). Anything that is not completed in class will become homework. Use your time wisely!

Review What kind of reforms were the Progressives trying to bring to the voting process? How did reformers attempt to improve city governments? What were the goals of progressive state leaders? What terms can we add to the outline of a Progressive Politician?

Progressive Politicians Reforming Government Roosevelt and the Square Deal Reform Under Taft Wilson’s New Freedom

Bell Ringer Which of the following quotes best describes the atmosphere of politics during the Progressive Era? Explain. “The price of greatness is responsibility.” “Men occasionally stumble over the truth, but most of them pick themselves up and hurry off as if nothing had happened.” “Whether you believe you can do a thing or not, you are right.”

Objective Discuss how the Square Deal reflects Roosevelt’s governing style. Summarize why the government tried to regulate the food and drug industry.

Roosevelt Becomes President Persistent William Jennings Bryan runs again in 1900 Assassination leads to “Teddy” Roosevelt to become president Roosevelt comes up with landmark compromise with Square Deal and arbitration “Every man has a square deal, no more and no less.”

Regulating Business Big business becomes essential to nations growth Trustbusting leads to the end of companies Dangerous practices revealed in Upton Sinclair’s book, The Jungle The Meat Inspection Act Pure Food and Drug Act

“Packingtown” “Mary had a little lamb, and when she saw it sicken – she shipped it off to Packingtown and now it’s labeled chicken.” – New York Post

Protecting the Environment Part of Roosevelt’s legacy are seen in efforts to protect the environment Gifford Pinchot helps protect nature through conservation Reclamation allows damaged land to be productive again National Park Service created to protect nature

Eyewitness and Others – pg. 158 Read the article that describes Lincoln Steffens view of the “Square Deal” Answer the three questions on pg. 162 when you are done reading.

Review What kind of changes did Theodore Roosevelt present during his presidency? The strike Businesses Food and Drug The Environment

Progressive Politicians Reforming Government Roosevelt and the Square Deal Reform Under Taft Wilson’s New Freedom

Bell Ringer - Quiz For questions 1-6 explain how the following terms help reform the election process: Direct primary, 17th amendment, secret ballot, initiative, referendum, recall #7) Why were some people opposed to Progressive reform? #8) What is the message behind Theodore Roosevelt’s Square Deal? #9) Why is Upton Sinclair an example of a muckraker? #10) How did Gifford Pinchot influence the government’s use of land in the early 1900s?

Objectives Describe the progressive reforms enacted during Taft’s administration. Explain what led to the Progressive Party. Explain how Wilson won the 1912 presidential election.

Taft Takes Office William Taft v. William Jennings Bryan Difficult to fill in the shoes of Roosevelt Accomplishments 90 antitrust suits Adding to national forest reserves Department of Labor 16th Amendment = income tax

Taft Angers the Progressives The Payne-Aldrich Tariff Results in a high tariff bill The Ballinger-Pinchot Affair Private interests v. conservation, weakness Roosevelt and the Elections of 1910 “New Nationalism” revives progressive spirit Republican party is split T. Roosevelt returns to politics, creates the “Bull Moose” Party

A Democratic Victory Run on a platform of tariff reduction, bank reform The Wilson Program New Freedom helps out small businesses Brings a strong call for reform

Review What accomplishments did President Taft have during his term? What had caused the division between the Republicans? How was Woodrow Wilson capable of easily attaining a victory in 1912?

Continued Review What steps led from Taft’s victory in 1908 to Wilson’s victory in 1912? Choose the 4 most significant events that occurred in between these two events and justify why you chose to display those particular events.

Activity Read pages 296-297 Answer questions #1 , 2 on pg. 297

Progressive Politicians Reforming Government Roosevelt and the Square Deal Reform Under Taft Wilson’s New Freedom

Bell Ringer Pg. 310-311 (1-2)

Objectives Describe how Wilson’s proposals affected big business and U.S. citizens. Discuss how American women gained the right to vote.

Reform on Many Fronts Tariffs Banking Big Business Underwood Tariff Act – lowest rate of tax 1% Banking Federal Reserve Act develops a system of a Board, 12 reserve banks and private banks Big Business Clayton Antitrust Act defines what businesses cannot do Federal Trade Commission enforces laws

Wilson and Workers Federal Farm Loan = low interest loans Adamson Act = reduce workday for rail workers Keating-Owen Child Labor Act Declared unconstitutional, limiting commerce

The Struggle for Women’s Suffrage Giving women the right would empower them too much NAWSA takes on the national approach Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Susan B. Anthony, Alice Paul, Carrie Chapman Catt Patriotism weakens opposition 19th Amendment grants right to vote in 1920

Review What changes are made under Wilson’s plan of New Freedom? Tariffs Banking Big Business Child Labor Which amendment guarantees all women the right to vote?