Team RS GCSE Revision 2018 Revision Lessons / Cards Summarising The Sheets Further Paper 1: Muslim Practices These give obedience, discipline, peace and community. Cleanse soul. Self-discipline. Humility. Shows unity / equality. Support Islam. Called Greater Jihad. At Muslim festivals there is – thanks to God, family, mosque, cards, food, sharing. These are mentioned in the Paper 1 resources.

The 5 Pillars Part 1 : Shahadah, Zakah and Sawm Pillar One: Shahadah: Faith: “There is no god but Allah and Muhammad (pbuh) is God’s Messenger.” Foundation for everything. Said sincerely and in front of witnesses, one becomes a Muslim. First / last words a person hears. Shi’a Muslims add: “And Ali is a friend of God.” Shia Muslims add 5 more acts to pillars – Greater Jihad, encourage good, discourage bad, be loving to friends of God and not associating with enemies of God. Pillar Three: Zakah: Charity/ Alms (Zakah= to purify): Paid at the end of Ramadan if Muslims have enough savings (Nisrab) calculated as 87g of gold (£2200) or 612g of silver (£200).. “For God’s cause” (Qur’an 2). Prayer in action. Paid after care for family. Money goes to Muslim charities. 2.5% of income. Frees poor from jealousy and rich from greed. Can be gold / silver. Shi’a pay 20% (Khums) with 10% going to leaders / related to Muhammad to send on God’s behalf. Sadaqah is money/ good deeds at any time of year. Pillar Four: Sawm (Fasting): In Ramadan. Follow Muhammad’s example. Remember the poor. Remembers when Qur’an revealed on Night of Power in Ramadan. . Read Qur’an in this month. No eating / drinking in daylight. Think of God. Do charity. No sex . No sex / bad thoughts. Pregnant women, children, ill people no fast. End of Ramadan = Festival of Id-ul-Fitr – presents, foods, sharing, cards. Thanks to God.

The 5 Pillars Part 2 : Prayer (Sawm): Pillar 2 Commanded by Qur’an. Creates awareness of God. Discipline. Sunni Muslims – FIVE TIMES a day: Before sunrise (Fajr), after midday (Zuhr), afternoon (Asr), after sunset (Maghrib) and night (Isha). Shi’a Muslims- THREE TIMES a day. Merge the last 4 prayers to 2. Face Makkah. Compass on prayer mat. Qiblah or indent in the Mosque showing this. Patterns on carpets help focus. All Muslims pray in 1 direction. Unites Muslims. Pray in a clean place. Wash (Wudu) before prayer. Face, Hands to elbows, head, feel and whole body says Qur’an. Use sand in the desert. Actions inl prayer (Rak’ah): Done 2 x in morning and 4x in evening: 1. Stand and recite Qur’an Ch. 1 2. Bow and say glory to God. 3. Stand up praise God. 4. Prostrate on the ground. Kneel, nose, forehead, hands and knees touch ground. Praise God. 5. Sit say glory to God and turn to angels on shoulders. 6. Say a personal prayer or Du’a. Friday is Muslim holy day. Muslim countries – businesses close and go to Mosque. Imam (leader leads prayers and gives sermon). Traditionally women stay at home to look after family and lead in prayer. If women go to Mosque, segregated.

The 5 Pillars Part 3 : Pilgrimage (Hajj): Pillar 5 “Duty to God” (Qur’an 3) if people have health. Once a life time. Test of faith. Communities can financially support pilgrims. Last month of Islamic calendar. Umrah is pilgrimage at another time of year. Step 1: MAKE IHRAM: Say a prayer and put on white as a symbol of purity and equality. Right intention. Step 2: CIRCLE KA’ABA 7 TIMES ANTI-CLOCKWISE: Like Muhammad. Touch black stone which may come from Paradise, may go back to Muhammad or Abraham. Step 3: WALK BETWEEN THE HILLS OF SAFA AND MARWAH: Here Abraham’s wife and her son prayed for water. This water was used to establish Makkah and Abraham built the Ka’aba on his return. Muslims on Hajj collect water from Zamzan well. Step 4: WALK 13 MILES TO ARAFAT: Stop at Mina en route. Stand before Allah. Remember Day of Judgement. Ask for forgiveness. Where Adam / Eve were expelled from Eden and where Muhammad gave his last sermon. Step 5: THROW STONES AT 3 PILLARS IN MINA: Remembers Abraham rejecting Satan. Collect 49 stones from Muzdalifah beforehand. Step 6: SACRIFICE ANIMAL (ID-UL-ADHA). GIVE MEAT TO POOR. CUT HAIR. WALK ROUND KA’ABA 7X. VISIT MADINAH.

How many obligatory acts are there in Shi’a Islam? (1) What is the name of the tax paid in Shi’a Islam (1) Name the month that Muslims fast (1). Give TWO places pilgrims visit on the Hajj. (2) Give TWO rituals (actions) that Muslims perform during Salah. (2) Explain TWO ways in which a belief in the importance of prayer influences Muslims today (4). Explain two contrasting understandings of Salah. (4) Give TWO different understandings of Jihad. (4) Explain TWO ways in which Muslim beliefs about Jihad influence Muslims today (4). Explain TWO Muslim beliefs about the importance of Festivals (5). Explain TWO Muslim teachings about Zakah (5). Explain two ways in which the celebration of the festival of Id-ul-Adha is important to Muslims. (5) Explain TWO ways in which the Ka’aba is important in the Muslim Hajj (pilgrimage). [5] The Shahadah is the most important pillar of Islam. Evaluate this statement. (12) ‘The best way for Muslims to understand God is to practise Salah.’ Evaluate this statement (12). It is important that Muslims celebrate their festivals in Britain today. Evaluate thiss statement.(12) Completing the hajj is the most important duty for a Muslim.’ Evaluate this statement. (12)