Learning Objectives Know the reason why Archduke Franz Ferdinand was assassinated (All) Be able to explain how this led to the outbreak of war in 1914? (Most) Be able to clearly explain the role nationalism played in the outbreak of war in 1914 (Some)

What does Nationalism mean? Recap (Hook?) What does Nationalism mean?

Nationalism strikes again… Much like how powerful countries such as Britain and Germany had competed to show their dominance in the early 1900s, nationalism also influenced smaller countries too. In 1914, Serbia was a small independent country. Austria-Hungary, however, had a huge empire and ruled over smaller countries that Serbia saw as allies.

BACKGROUND Bosnia was one of the country’s ruled by Austria-Hungary. Many people in Bosnia thought that they should be free of Austrian rule and unite with it’s fellow Slav country Serbia. Within Serbia there were groups who were prepared to use violence to help Bosnia.

Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary On the 28th June 1914, the heir to the Austrian-Hungarian throne, Archduke Franz Ferdinand, arrived in Sarajevo, Bosnia on a Royal visit. He had been warned by several government officials that there had been threats made to kill him and that he should cancel the trip. The Archduke ignored the warnings and started his procession around the city of Sarajevo. Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary

The Archduke’s blood stained coat. By the end of the day, he (and his wife Sophie) had been shot dead. They had been murdered by a group of Serbian terrorists, who were desperate for Bosnia and Serbia to unite. These terrorists were called the Black Hand Gang. The Archduke’s blood stained coat.

Evidence 4: An Eye-Witness report, 1928 “I saw Nedeljko Cabrinovic throw a bomb.  Wearing a long black coat and a black hat, I heard him ask a policeman to tell him which car the Archduke was in; seconds later he had knocked the cap off a hand grenade against a metal lamp-post and aimed it at the Archduke seated in the open car. It bounced off the Archduke’s car and blew up the car behind, killing two officers and injuring about twenty people. I then saw Cabrinovic swallow a pill (cyanide) and jump into the river. However, the pill must have been old because it did not work – and the river was only five inches deep! The Police soon pulled him out.” Evidence 4: An Eye-Witness report, 1928

I had been told that our attempt to kill the Archduke had failed I had been told that our attempt to kill the Archduke had failed. They had cancelled the rest of the procession. I decided to leave the area. I stopped at a schiller’s cafe for a sandwich. On leaving the cafe, I could not believe my eyes. There he was, ten feet away from me (the car was reversing). I pulled out my pistol. I fired twice, or perhaps several times, without knowing whether I had hit or missed. Evidence 8: Suspect Statement: Gavrillo Princip, Black Hand Gang, 29th June 1914

Austro-Hungarian Archduke Franz Ferdinand lies in an open coffin beside his wife Sophie, the Duchess of Hohenburg, after their assassination by Serbian nationalist Gavrilo Princip in Sarajevo on 28th June 1914.

Using the information from both this and the previous lesson – can you use this source to help explain how the First World War began. This cartoon gives you an insight into how the world went to war following the death of Archduke Franz Ferdinand.

Task Working in pairs, you should now analyse the cartoon source. You should answer these questions: All: Who do the people in the cartoon represent? Most: What are the people doing and why? Some: What is the message of the cartoon? Extension: What technique does the artist use to represent each countries size/power? (To answer the level 5 and 6 questions, you will need to remind yourself of the long term causes of WW1!)

What do you think the message of the cartoon is? What are the people in the cartoon doing and why? Who do the people in the cartoon represent?

Task Using the cartoon to help you, now, in pairs you should attempt to arrange the events that followed the Archduke’s assassination into chronological order. Once you have done this, and your answers have been checked, you should write the events up on the sheet provided.

How did nationalism lead the world to war in 1914? You are able to identify the long term causes of the First World War. All You are able to describe in detail how country’s began competing with one another. You are able to explain why Archduke Franz Ferdinand was assassinated. Most You are able to explain the role nationalism played on both the long and short term causes of the war. E.g. You are able to explain how nationalism encouraged country’s to develop their armed forces. Some

To complete the picture, Austria declares war on Russia. 28th June The heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne, Archduke Franz Ferdinand, is assassinated. The Russian army gets ready to help Serbia defend itself against the Austro-Hungarian attack. To complete the picture, Austria declares war on Russia. Germany, Austria’s ally, sends a demand to Russia ordering it to hold back from helping Serbia. Austria declares war on Serbia. Belgrade (in Serbia) is shelled. Germany declares war on France and invades neutral Belgium. Britain orders Germany to withdraw from Belgium. The Germans are still in Belgium. Britain declares war on Germany. Germany declares war on Russia. It also begins to move its army towards France, Russia’s ally. Austria blames Serbia for the killing of Archduke Franz Ferdinand. The French army is put on a war footing, ready to fight a German invasion.

To complete the picture, Austria declares war on Russia. 4 1 28th June The heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne, Archduke Franz Ferdinand, is assassinated. 5 The Russian army gets ready to help Serbia defend itself against the Austro-Hungarian attack. 10 To complete the picture, Austria declares war on Russia. 4 Germany, Austria’s ally, sends a demand to Russia ordering it to hold back from helping Serbia. 3 Austria declares war on Serbia. Belgrade (in Serbia) is shelled. 8 Germany declares war on France and invades neutral Belgium. Britain orders Germany to withdraw from Belgium. 9 The Germans are still in Belgium. Britain declares war on Germany. 6 Germany declares war on Russia. It also begins to move its army towards France, Russia’s ally. 2 Austria blames Serbia for the killing of Archduke Franz Ferdinand. 7 The French army is put on a war footing, ready to fight a German invasion.

28TH June 1914 WAR