How to Teach Grammar 28/02/1440 How to Teach grammar Prepared & Presented by; Madawi A. Al-Obathani

Warming Up Activity 28/02/1440

What is Grammar? 28/02/1440

What is Grammar? Rules of the language. Grammar can be defined as ‘the way words are put together to make correct sentences’. Grammar is set of rules specifying the correct order words at sentence level. Grammar is a language and how we use it. Grammatical meaning, grammar does not only affect the form of the sentence but also must have a precise meaning. 28/02/1440

Teaching Grammar One of the most difficult aspects of teaching. If you have a class of learners with similar learning styles, you can afford to use a similar approach. If you have a class of mixed learning styles then you need to try to provide instruction using as many different methods as possible. 28/02/1440

Grammar Teaching Approaches 28/02/1440 How to Teach grammar Grammar Teaching Approaches Deductive Inductive top down bottom up Teacher explains rules to the students (standard). Learners discover grammar rules while working through exercises. 28/02/1440 Prepared & Presented by; Madawi A. Al-Obathani

Inductive and Deductive Deductive is known as a 'top down' approach. This is the standard teaching approach that has a teacher explaining rules to the students. For example: The present perfect is made up of the auxiliary verb 'have' plus the past participle. It is used to express an action which has begun in the past and continues into the present moment... etc. 28/02/1440

Inductive and Deductive Inductive is known as a 'bottom up' approach. In other words, students discovering grammar rules while working through exercises. For example: A reading comprehension which includes a number of sentences describing what a person has done up to that period in time. After doing the reading comprehension, the teacher could begin to ask questions such as: How long has he done this or that? Has he ever been to Paris? etc. and then follow with When did he go to Paris? To help the students inductively understand the difference between the simple past and the present perfect. For example: Did the boys played football last Friday? - Have you been to London? 28/02/1440 Prepared & Presented by; ELT; Madawi Al-Obathani

Deductive or Inductive Deductive Approach Pros • Gets to the point quickly • Saves time for more examples Cons • Teaches grammar in an isolated way • Can feel mechanical and/or boring Inductive Approach Pros • Self-discovered rules are more memorable • Involves more student interaction • Encourages independent learning Cons • Time consuming • Students may incorrectly deduce rules, leading to confusion/frustration 28/02/1440

Deductive or Inductive A teacher can choose one of these two approaches or mix between them based on the class situation.

Class Instructions When Teaching Grammar Skills: Begin with an exercise, game, listening, etc. that introduces the grammar concept. Ask students questions that will help them identify the grammar concept to be discussed. Follow with another exercise that more specifically focuses on the grammar concept, but takes an inductive approach. This could be a reading exercise with questions and responses in the structure that is being taught. 28/02/1440

7) Ask students to once again explain the concept. 4) Check responses, ask students to explain the grammar concept that has been introduced. 5) At this point introduce teaching explanations as a way of clearing up misunderstandings. 6) Provide an exercise which focuses on the correct construction of the grammar point. This could be an exercise such as a fill the gap activity. 7) Ask students to once again explain the concept. 28/02/1440

How to Teach Grammar Every grammar class can address all learning styles. You can make each stage of the process of learning grammar interesting. Plan what grammar you will teach and what order you will use. Understand and employ the basic four steps of teaching grammar: presentation, practice, performance and feedback 28/02/1440

Step 1- Present the grammar as you choose, inductively or deductively Step 1- Present the grammar as you choose, inductively or deductively. You can explain the rules first if you like. Then read a story or show a video clip that demonstrates the grammar point. Or reverse the order by first teaching a skit that exemplifies the grammar. Then explain the rules. Step 2- Use the practice stage to allow students to start using the new structure. Many textbooks provide sentence practice at this stage. The sentences of the exercises can form a continuous story or dialog. 28/02/1440

Step 3- Give students a variety of creative opportunities in the performance stage. Performance can include games, songs, role playing, creative writing, stories and more. Play a short video, for example. Pause it every few minutes and ask students what is going to happen next to practice the future. Step 4- Don't forget feedback. While presenting rules, ask if students understand. During the practice phase, correct all mistakes. 28/02/1440

Interesting and fun Ways to Teach English Grammar Action! Celebrity Profiles Celebrity Photos

Interesting and fun Ways to Teach English Grammar Action Tell the students to get up and form a circle Grab a small ball or bean bag and say a verb out loud. Toss the ball to a student who will have to say its past form. He or she tosses the ball back to you and you choose another student.

Interesting and fun Ways to Teach English Grammar Celebrity Profiles A good way to teach and practice any verb tense is through biographies. Try this activity to contrast the simple past and present perfect tenses. Let each student selects his/her favorite celebrity. Ask students to summarize a celebrity's main achievements. Read the bio with your students and make sure they understand the differences.

Interesting and fun Ways to Teach English Grammar Celebrity Photos Cut out celebrity pictures or write the names on a small piece of paper and put it in a box. 2. Use these pictures or papers to teach comparatives and superlatives.

Creative Worksheets

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