Chapter 9: A new National Identity

US and British Canada both wanted navies on the Great Lakes Rush-bagot agreement US and British Canada both wanted navies on the Great Lakes Rush-Bagot Agreement limited naval power on the Great Lakes for both.

Convention of 1818 Convention of 1818 allowed U.S. fishing off Canada and set the border between the U.S. and Canada at the 49th parallel as far west as the Rockies. U.S. and Britain agree to occupy the Pacific Northwest together. This agreement would be tested in years to come.

Adams- Onis Treaty Jackson’s troops captured Seminole raiders, beginning the First Seminole War in 1818. U.S. troops captured Spain’s military posts and overthrew the governor of Florida Spain and U.S. signed Adams-Onis Treaty in 1819, settling all border disputes. U.S. received East Florida, gave up claim to Texas and agreed to pay U.S. citizens’ claims against Spain.

Monroe Doctrine

Monroe-Doctrine Latin American countries declared independence from Spain. Simon Bolivar led many of these revolutions. The United States feared European countries would try to take control of Latin American countries. United States issued Monroe Doctrine. Warned European powers not to interfere with the Americas. Put Latin America in the U.S. sphere of influence.

Monroe doctrine U.S. would not interfere in the affairs of Europe. U.S. would recognize, and not interfere with European colonies already existing in the Americas. Western Hemisphere is OFF LIMITS to future colonization. Any attempt to colonize or interfere with nations in the west would be considered a hostile act.

James Monroe: President during the Era of Good Feelings The last president who had been a part of the Revolutionary War

Henry Clay Speaker of House from Kentucky Became known as national leader who tried to fix sectional issues

Henry’s Plan Cont. American System: 1. Focused on internal improvements for America 2. Protective tariffs- Use this money for roads/canals 2. National bank- to unite the country with a single currency

Important Supreme Court Case: McCulloch v. Maryland State government can’t interfere with a federal agency using its constitutional powers in that state. Increased power of Federal Government

Important Supreme Court Case: Gibbons v. Ogden States can not pass legislation that would interfere with interstate commerce. Increased federal power

The Erie Canal The canal ran from Albany to Buffalo, New York. This allowed people and goods to move between towns on Lake Erie

The National Road- expands from Maryland to Illinois

The end of the Era of Good Feelings: Sectionalism – Loyalty to your region of a country. State Sovereignty – states have autonomous power. The right to govern themselves.

Sectionalism A devotion to the interests of one geographic region over the interests of the country as a whole

Henry Clay’s Plan: Missouri Compromise: - Missouri becomes slave state -Maine becomes a free state -Slavery banned in rest of Louisiana Territory north of 36 30’N Parallel

The Election of 1824 Andrew Jackson won the popular vote but did not have enough electoral votes to win office. The House of Representatives was required by the Constitution to choose the winner; they chose John Quincy Adams. Jackson’s supporters claimed Adams had made a “corrupt bargain” with Henry Clay. Accusations grew after Adams made Clay Secretary of State. Controversy weakened Adams’s support.