Reclassification and Delisting A Growth Industry (and the focus of our next workshop?) Congress envisioned an accurate list

Practical Reasons Reduce regulatory burden Allocation of resources ($) Remove regulation by delisting Target regulation through 4(d) rule Allocation of resources ($) Acknowledge partners Show our progress Credibility See previous slides notes

Envisioned by Congress 4(c)(1) – revise list from time to time 4(c)(2) – 5-year reviews 4(b)(3)(B)(iii) – expeditious progress adding & removing from List Congress envisioned an accurate list

Regulatory Basis for Delisting Recovery Recovered = no longer meet the definition of threatened or endangered Recovery criterion are guidance Extinction Original data “in error” E.g., changes in taxonomy Picture - Passenger Pigeon Martha, thought to be the world's last passenger pigeon, died on September 1, 1914 Downlist Arrest ongoing severe decline Push extinction horizon beyond near-term, into foreseeable future Remember T is still in danger of extinction within the foreseeable future Recovery Recovery = no longer T or E. Data error is usually reserved for taxonomic changes – finding more is usually considered the result of a recovery action and usually falls into the recovery category. Uplisting Requires listing dollars. Practice says we should spend listing dollars on listing new species, rather than uplisting which provides minimal tangible benefits, so rarely done (rarely floats to the top – grizzly bear uplistings have been warranted but precluded for over 20 years).

Regulatory Basis for Delisting Recovery Recovered = no longer meet the definition of threatened or endangered Recovery criterion are guidance Extinction Original data “in error” E.g., changes in taxonomy Picture - Passenger Pigeon Martha, thought to be the world's last passenger pigeon, died on September 1, 1914 Downlist Arrest ongoing severe decline Push extinction horizon beyond near-term, into foreseeable future Remember T is still in danger of extinction within the foreseeable future Recovery Recovery = no longer T or E. Data error is usually reserved for taxonomic changes – finding more is usually considered the result of a recovery action and usually falls into the recovery category. Uplisting Requires listing dollars. Practice says we should spend listing dollars on listing new species, rather than uplisting which provides minimal tangible benefits, so rarely done (rarely floats to the top – grizzly bear uplistings have been warranted but precluded for over 20 years).

Regulatory Basis for Delisting Recovery Recovered = no longer meet the definition of threatened or endangered Recovery criterion are guidance Extinction Original data “in error” E.g., changes in taxonomy Picture - Passenger Pigeon Martha, thought to be the world's last passenger pigeon, died on September 1, 1914 Downlist Arrest ongoing severe decline Push extinction horizon beyond near-term, into foreseeable future Remember T is still in danger of extinction within the foreseeable future Recovery Recovery = no longer T or E. Data error is usually reserved for taxonomic changes – finding more is usually considered the result of a recovery action and usually falls into the recovery category. Uplisting Requires listing dollars. Practice says we should spend listing dollars on listing new species, rather than uplisting which provides minimal tangible benefits, so rarely done (rarely floats to the top – grizzly bear uplistings have been warranted but precluded for over 20 years).

Regulatory Basis for Delisting Recovery Recovered = no longer meet the definition of threatened or endangered Recovery criterion are guidance Extinction Original data “in error” E.g., changes in taxonomy Picture - Passenger Pigeon Martha, thought to be the world's last passenger pigeon, died on September 1, 1914 Downlist Arrest ongoing severe decline Push extinction horizon beyond near-term, into foreseeable future Remember T is still in danger of extinction within the foreseeable future Recovery Recovery = no longer T or E. Data error is usually reserved for taxonomic changes – finding more is usually considered the result of a recovery action and usually falls into the recovery category. Uplisting Requires listing dollars. Practice says we should spend listing dollars on listing new species, rather than uplisting which provides minimal tangible benefits, so rarely done (rarely floats to the top – grizzly bear uplistings have been warranted but precluded for over 20 years).

Delisted Species 1978-2017

Status of 5-year Reviews Number of listed species (all US, domestic) = 1586 Number of these species with 5-year reviews = 1155 Number of species without 5-year reviews: Nationally = 423 Southwest Region (R2) = 63 Mountain-Prairie Region (R6) = 15 Completed 5-year reviews:     No change in status Delisting due to error Delisting due to extinction Delisting due to recovery Delisting Total Downlist to T Revision of listed entity Uplist to E Total Downlistand Delist National 1077 3 9 12 24 35 6 13 59 R2 89 1 4 2 R6 38

Questions: How do we better focus on downlisting and delisting National work plan (5-year reviews & potential rulemaking) What percentage of the recovery budget should go towards: On the ground recovery action (including funding to Partnerships) 5-year reviews Rulemaking How do we prioritize rulemakings Delisting vs. downlisting Extinct vs. recovery or error Partner investment & regulatory burden How do we prioritize 5-year reviews Species without 5-year reviews vs. redos Picture - Passenger Pigeon Martha, thought to be the world's last passenger pigeon, died on September 1, 1914 Downlist Arrest ongoing severe decline Push extinction horizon beyond near-term, into foreseeable future Remember T is still in danger of extinction within the foreseeable future Recovery Recovery = no longer T or E. Data error is usually reserved for taxonomic changes – finding more is usually considered the result of a recovery action and usually falls into the recovery category. Uplisting Requires listing dollars. Practice says we should spend listing dollars on listing new species, rather than uplisting which provides minimal tangible benefits, so rarely done (rarely floats to the top – grizzly bear uplistings have been warranted but precluded for over 20 years).

Potential State Role: Coordination on National work plan Get Bill to plan another work shop Collaborate on: New Science (e.g., taxonomy, distribution, abundance and trends) Implement Conservation Actions Post Delisting Management: Regulatory protection Conservation Strategies Post delisting Monitoring: Picture - Passenger Pigeon Martha, thought to be the world's last passenger pigeon, died on September 1, 1914 Downlist Arrest ongoing severe decline Push extinction horizon beyond near-term, into foreseeable future Remember T is still in danger of extinction within the foreseeable future Recovery Recovery = no longer T or E. Data error is usually reserved for taxonomic changes – finding more is usually considered the result of a recovery action and usually falls into the recovery category. Uplisting Requires listing dollars. Practice says we should spend listing dollars on listing new species, rather than uplisting which provides minimal tangible benefits, so rarely done (rarely floats to the top – grizzly bear uplistings have been warranted but precluded for over 20 years).

Thoughts? Picture - Passenger Pigeon Martha, thought to be the world's last passenger pigeon, died on September 1, 1914 Downlist Arrest ongoing severe decline Push extinction horizon beyond near-term, into foreseeable future Remember T is still in danger of extinction within the foreseeable future Recovery Recovery = no longer T or E. Data error is usually reserved for taxonomic changes – finding more is usually considered the result of a recovery action and usually falls into the recovery category. Uplisting Requires listing dollars. Practice says we should spend listing dollars on listing new species, rather than uplisting which provides minimal tangible benefits, so rarely done (rarely floats to the top – grizzly bear uplistings have been warranted but precluded for over 20 years).