Copyright © 2017 Open Geospatial Consortium Found Patterns and Future Value of Smart City Architecture Project Kickoff 5 December 2017 Copyright © 2017 Open Geospatial Consortium

Copyright © 2017 Open Geospatial Consortium Ingredients Reusable design patterns occurring in Smart Safe City initiatives. Existing ICT blueprints, frameworks, guidelines, solutions Applicable IT standards and practices Stories, requirements, constraints, warnings from innovation experience Agreements -> practices -> standards => interoperability Roles and responsibilities As Is -> Becoming -> To Be Continuing Copyright © 2017 Open Geospatial Consortium

Summary of SCIRA Development & Pilot Architecture Framework Development SCIRA Workshops with municipal IT leaders Deployment Guides Development Select Prototypes Hackathon SCIRA Pilot Implementation with updates to SCIRA and Deployment Guides based on pilot results

(Architectural) Landscape Assessment Formal architectural initiatives (Less) formal practice and guidance Design elements “in the wild” Representative use cases Typical stakeholders Exemplar cities and organizations Indicators - predictors and metrics Trends in technology, policy, and practice Copyright © 2017 Open Geospatial Consortium

Representative Use Cases First responder awareness Community engagement Municipal services Critical infrastructure Disaster planning Mobility Copyright © 2017 Open Geospatial Consortium

Copyright © 2017 Open Geospatial Consortium Stakeholders Executive / manager Municipal planner Public safety coordinator First responder — police, fire, medical, hazmat Municipal technologies State / county public safety liaison Smart city technology vendor / consultant Copyright © 2017 Open Geospatial Consortium

Copyright © 2017 Open Geospatial Consortium Elements - Scales Personal - individuals Local – neighborhoods District – communities Municipal Regional National Global Copyright © 2017 Open Geospatial Consortium

Copyright © 2017 Open Geospatial Consortium Elements - Functions Architecture and Engineering Operations and Maintenance Security - Resilience Quality - Performance Positioning - measurement and alignment Identification - Provenance Copyright © 2017 Open Geospatial Consortium

Copyright © 2017 Open Geospatial Consortium Elements - Visions Livability relates to the quality of life as "the general well-being of individuals and societies, outlining negative and positive features of life. It observes life satisfaction, including everything from physical health, family, education, employment, wealth, religious beliefs, finance and the environment" [1: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quality_of_life] Sustainability refers to the ability provided by "sound management of city finances, diverse revenue streams, and the ability to attract business investment, allocate capital, and building emergency needs" [2: The Rockefeller Foundation, "City Resilience Framework", April 2014, Updated December 2015] Resiliency "the measurable ability of any urban system, with its inhabitants, to maintain continuity through all shocks and stresses, while positively adapting and transforming toward sustainability" [3: UN-Habitat, Urban Resilience Hub, http://urbanresiliencehub.org/ what-is-urban-resilience/] Copyright © 2017 Open Geospatial Consortium

Copyright © 2017 Open Geospatial Consortium Elements - Domains Connectivity Mobility Public Safety Water Buildings Energy Copyright © 2017 Open Geospatial Consortium

Elements - Engineering Application (physical world / user interaction) Services - reusable application parts Computational methods - workflows and algorithms Processing - Storage platforms Network connectivity - wired / wireless telecommunications Data Acquisition - sensing, submittal, documentation Copyright © 2017 Open Geospatial Consortium

Copyright © 2017 Open Geospatial Consortium Elements - Maturity Ad-hoc Opportunistic Repeatable Managed Optimized Copyright © 2017 Open Geospatial Consortium

Indicators - Predictors Involvement of city administration leadership Involvement of stakeholders Cross-domain approach: safety, fire, traffic, energy, etc. Multi disciplinary/multi technology approach based on standards for common understanding Protection against vendor lock-in with open architecture Flexible and resilient systems Scale-up, replication and interoperability provisions Data privacy and cybersecurity measures Copyright © 2017 Open Geospatial Consortium

Copyright © 2017 Open Geospatial Consortium Indicators - Metrics Increase effectiveness of police, fire, first responders Reduce Response time for police department from initial call Reduce crimes: homicide, violence crimes property crimes Reduce traffic accidents Reduce harm from emergencies and disasters Improve response to emergencies and disasters Improve impact of citizen awareness on reducing crime - e.g., social media Improve impact of citizen involvement on emergency and disaster response Improve data privacy Improve use of indicator and dashboard initiatives Increase participation of vulnerable groups that are not well represented in the society Increased use of local workforce and local job creation Copyright © 2017 Open Geospatial Consortium

Architectural Metalevels Concept Model - the set of terms and their relationships that establish a domain of discourse for architectural modeling, e.g. [SCCM] Architecture Model - the design formalism for specifying an architecture, e.g. [RM-ODP], [SSE-AD], [SCRAM] Reference Architecture - Design framework, patterns, and elements that are broadly applicable to a design domain, e.g. [ISO30145], [DIN91357] Solution Architecture - Instantiation of a reference architecture to a specific implementation context Implementation - "As-built" design that describes the form and function of working systems Copyright © 2017 Open Geospatial Consortium

Architectural Standards, etc. ISO/IEC 10746, Open Distributed Computing Reference Model ISO/IEC/IEEE 42010:2011 Systems and software engineering Architecture description data interoperability ISO 37120:2014, Sustainable development of communities — Indicators for city services and quality of life IEC TS 63188 ED1 Systems Reference Document - Smart Cities - Smart Cities Reference Architecture Methodology ISO/IEC 30182:2017 Smart city concept model — Guidance for establishing a model for data interoperability DIN Reference Architecture Model Open Urban Platform (OUP) ISO/IEC 30145-3 WD 0.8 of Smart City ICT Reference Framework Part 3: Smart City Engineering Framework ---- Copyright © 2017 Open Geospatial Consortium

Conceptual Model of Architecture Framework

Copyright © 2017 Open Geospatial Consortium Design Perspectives ISO/IEC Reference Model of Open Distributed Processing [RM-ODP] inspired viewpoints: Business domains, stakeholders, scenarios, value Knowledge creation, flow, exchange Service capabilities Engineering of hardware and software solutions Operation of deployed systems Copyright © 2017 Open Geospatial Consortium

Copyright © 2017 Open Geospatial Consortium Design Perspectives ISO/IEC Smart Cities Architecture Methodology (SCRAM) viewpoints: Value (stakeholders, high-level requirements, mission, vision) Big Picture (Illustrative, essential characteristics, architecture principles) Motivation (linking stakeholder roles and concerns, e.g. win-wins, compromises, conflicts) Capability Map (Level 1 modularization, level 2 modularization) Target Operating Model Engineering (Function map, service map, process map, data flows, organogram) Operating Implementation Security, Safety, Risk, Privacy and Resilience Standards Copyright © 2017 Open Geospatial Consortium

Enabling Layers and Domain Goals Layers vs Goals Connectivity & Mobility Sensor Web & IoT Models & Alignments Services & Analytics Community Engagement Strategy & Capacity Public Safety Good Government Livability & Opportunity Resilience & Sustainability Economic Development Civic Knowledge & Identity Public Safety / First Responders Resilience & Preparedness Copyright © 2017 Open Geospatial Consortium

As Is => Becoming => To Be Continued Several dimensions of interdependence impractical to optimize Challenge to focus on involvement of / benefits to people and communities rather than technology “Becoming” will never end, but capabilities and coalitions do achieve levels of functionality and maturity Deployment Guides / Playbooks Design Dimensions Cube Implementation Roadmap Graph Copyright © 2017 Open Geospatial Consortium

SCIRA Design & Development Initial version SCIRA, based on Architecture landscape assessment, trade study, architecture process assessment Stakeholder workshop results SDO inputs on topics of highest relevance Identify topics for Deployment Guides Prepare and present draft SCIRA to Architecture Workshop Refined version of SCIRA, based on Architectural Views Workshop Inputs from Hackathon and Workshop demonstration results Alignment with Deployment Guides / Guide Workshop Smart City Pilot and other on-going deployments Copyright © 2017 Open Geospatial Consortium