Topography The arrangement of the natural and artificial physical features of an area. Topography is important to understanding geography and where certain landforms are.

Earth’s Land Landform - natural physical feature on Earth’s surface Plain - Landform made up of nearly flat land. Mountain - Landform with high elevation. Plateau - Landform with high elevation and level surface. Continuing on the lithosphere we mentioned many slides earlier and building up on the theme of topography, the children must have an understanding on what certain landforms are. A landform is a natural physical feature on Earth’s surface. It includes but is not limited to plains, mountains, and plateaus.

Earth’s Land (cont.) Valley - an area with higher land around it Canyon - a valley with steep walls Deltas - area at river’s ends Dunes - hilly areas in dry places or along sandy coasts Island - body of land surrounded by water

Earth’s Water Hydrosphere - all of Earth’s water at or near the surface Ocean - large body of saltwater Sea - smaller body of saltwater on ocean’s margins and partially enclosed by land