Spring Break Packet

Inferences: using observations to make a guess Observation: fact that can be observed with 5 senses

Inferences: using observations to make a guess Observation: fact that can be observed with 5 senses Weathering: to break something down Erosion: to take away

Mechanical: break big rocks to little rocks, while staying the same Ice wedging, avalanche, root wedging, wind, water, frost, sun, waves, earthquake, hammer Chemical weathering: changing chemical makeup of rock Acid, water, air, carbonation, oxidation, fire,

Mechanical: break big rocks to little rocks, while staying the same Ice wedging, avalanche, root wedging, wind, water, frost, sun, waves, earthquake, hammer

Earthquakes: land moves, fast, creating cracks and faults in the earth

Earthquakes: land moves, fast, creating cracks and faults in the earth Volcanoes: create rock formations, makes mountains, and creates new land

Earthquakes: land moves, fast, creating cracks and faults in the earth Volcanoes: create rock formations, makes mountains, and creates new land Hawaiian islands: the tectonic plates moved over a hotspot making islands, as the tectonic plates moved it created more islands Older islands are smaller because of weathering and erosion

Hot particles ARE LESS DENSE AND RISE and cool particles ARE MORE DENSE AND SINK Convection currents are:

The sun heats the land, the hot land warms the air making it less dense so it rises. As it goes up in the atmosphere it cools and falls

DEEP Ocean currents are caused by differences in density which are caused by differences in: Salinity temperatures

Sub Week Packet

Types of Rock Sedimentary rock- rock formed through solidification of sediment often in layers Sediment is formed by weathering

Types of Rock Sedimentary rock- rock formed through solidification of sediment often in layers Sediment is formed by weathering Metamorphic – created as a result of high heat and pressure

Types of Rock Sedimentary rock- rock formed through solidification of sediment often in layers Sediment is formed by weathering Metamorphic – created as a result of high heat and pressure Igneous rock – solidified magma

Types of Rock Sedimentary rock- rock formed through solidification of sediment often in layers Sediment is formed by weathering Metamorphic – created as a result of high heat and pressure Igneous rock – solidified magma

Ecosystems Producer – an organism that makes its own energy (food) Example: plants, algae, some bacteria, etc Primary consumer – a organism that eats producers (bunnies, sheep, cow) Secondary consumer – an organism that eats a primary consumer (polar bears, lion, wolf, fox) Decomposer – organism that eats dead plants and animals and turns them into nutrients e:x: fungi, worm, mushrooms, vultures

Ecosystems Herbivore – plant eater Carnivore – meat eater Omnivore – eat everything Ecosystems stay balanced because… There are complex interactions in an ecosystem and when it is unbalanced, the interactions get thrown off (cause overpopulation, extinction, lowering of populations)

Ecosystems Imbalance Beginning of all food webs: SUN Diseases Lava Volcano Bad weather Human Pollution Introduce new species Whalers (hunters) Beginning of all food webs: SUN

Ecosystems DIRECTION OF THE FLOW OF ENERGY Arrows point in the direction of the consumer The energy is going from the food organism into the consumer Arrow points from food to consumer

Living things change Adaptation: a characteristic that helps an organism to live in its environment

Characteristics of Ocean Sonar and ultrasound Use sound to bounce off the ocean floor which tells us the depth and the shape of the ocean floor

boundaries Boundary Forms Rift valley, mid ocean ridges Divergent – when two plates pull away from each other Rift valley, mid ocean ridges Convergent (subduction) – when two plates come together (collide) and one subducts under the other Mountains, volcanoes, deep ocean trenches, earthquakes Hotspot – an area under the crust that is very hot , so hot that magma comes up and forms volcanoes Volcanoes, Hawaiian islands

Characteristics of Ocean Sea floor spreading: ocean floor is extended when two plates move apart Forms new crust Evidence for sea floor spreading Sea floor crust is newer If new earth is being made, why isn’t the earth getting bigger? Crust is constantly being destroyed at convergent boundaries during subduction