DO NOW What is symbiosis? What are the three symbiotic relationships? Reading Check – Questions What is symbiosis? What are the three symbiotic relationships? What is mutualism? What is commensalism? What is parasitism?

WELCOME AIM: KWBAT describe and distinguish the main types of ecological interactions: competition, predation, and symbiosis. KWBAT describe and explain the type of plant tropisms. Agenda (55 min) Do Now (5 min) Do Now Review (5 min) Notes I (15 min) Notes II (16 min) Think-Pair-Share Practice (8 min) Notes III (16 min) Think Box #3 (5 min) Partner Practice (5 min) Fly-In-My-Head Video (10 min) Exit Ticket (15 min) Exit Ticket Review (2 min)

Organisms in an ecosystems constantly interact. Types of Interactions Organisms in an ecosystems constantly interact. The three major types of interactions among the organisms in an ecosystem are competition, predation, and symbiosis .

4. A resource could be food, water, light, or space Competition 3. When two or more organisms seek the same resource that is in limited supply they compete with each other 4. A resource could be food, water, light, or space 5. Competition happens between indiviuals within a population and also between different populations

Ex. Wild dogs hunt zebras Predation 6. A predator is an organism that feeds on other living things. The organism it feeds on is the prey. Ex. Wild dogs hunt zebras Predator Prey 7. Competition and Predation acts a limiting factor on population that keeps ecological balance to avoids starvation or overcrowding.

Competition & Predation 8. Predator: eats something 9. Prey: eaten by something 10. Competitors: eat the same thing

Interactions DEER, RABBIT, MOUSE, CRICKET SNAKE, RABBIT, MOUSE, FROG 11. In the food web to the right, the predator of the grass is the ________________ the prey of the hawk is the _________ one competitor of the snake is the ________ DEER, RABBIT, MOUSE, CRICKET SNAKE, RABBIT, MOUSE, FROG MOUNTAIN LION, HAWK PREY ^ = PREDATOR ^ PREDATOR ^ = PREY \/ ^ COMPETITOR = YOU \/

OWL, SNAKE SNAKE, MOUSE MOUSE, INSECT INCREASE DECREASE

HAWK CRICKET SNAKE DEER, MOUSE, RABBIT INCREASE DECREASE

Organism in Ecosystems Habitat: physical area in which an organism lives A Niche: is the role an organism plays in its environment (how it gets food, finds shelter, and reproduces) A niche includes all of an organism’s interactions and relationships with the biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) parts of its environment Ex. A Bee’s Niche A bee lives in a bee hive, makes honey, and eats nectar from flowers

Symbiosis Symbiosis: is a close relationship between two organisms that benefits at least one of the species There are three kinds of symbiotic relationships: Mutualism, Commensalism, Parasitism

5. Mutualism Mutualism: is a symbiotic relationship in which BOTH species benefit This little fish is helping me by cleaning my teeth! Yeah!! I’m eating the big fish’s food so he’s helping me too! Yeah!!

Mutualism Example: Flowers provide food for insects. Insects spread the seeds and pollen of flowers. Both organisms benefit!

Ex. Clownfish and anemones 6. Commensalism Commensalism: is a symbiotic relationship in which one species benefits and the other is neither harmed or benefited Ex. Clownfish and anemones

The interactions are harmful to one species, yet beneficial to another 7. Parasitism Parasitism: is a symbiotic relationship in which a member of one species benefits and the other species is harmed The interactions are harmful to one species, yet beneficial to another

Parasitism Example: Tape worm The organism that benefits is called the parasite while organism that it hurts and lives on is called the host.

This is the head of a parasite This is the head of a parasite. Parasites often grab on to the digestive tracts (intestines and stomachs) of their hosts.

What is the relationship?

Mutualism, Commensalism, or Parasitism

Mutualism, Commensalism, or Parasitism

Mutualism, Commensalism, or Parasitism

Mutualism, Commensalism, or Parasitism

Mutualism, Commensalism, or Parasitism

Mutualism, Commensalism, or Parasitism

Mutualism, Commensalism, or Parasitism

CLOSE RELATIONSHIP B/W TWO SPECIES TICK DOG DOG TICK __ +

+ + + - +

BEES FLOWER BEES FLOWER + + MUTUALISM REMORA SHARK + COMMENSALISM

Page 8 Think (5 min) Pair (3 min) Share (2 min)

Think-Pair-Share Page 8 Part I . MUTUALISM COMMENSALISM PARASITISM COMMENSALISM PARASITISM MUTUALISM MUTUALISM MUTUALISM

FLY IN MY HEAD http://youtu.be/KNDG7WPtVO4

Plant adaptations An adaptation is any structure or behavior that increases an organism’s chance of survival or reproduction. Plants have two major types of adaptations: structural and functional adaptations Structural adaptations are physical adaptations or structures that can be seen in leaves, stems, roots, flowers, and seeds. Functional adaptations are related to the way an organism’s body works = response to stimulus.

PLANT RESPONSES TO STIMULI: Stimuli = causes plants to react internally or externally Examples of stimuli = light, temperature, movement, chemicals, and gravity Response = an organism’s reaction to a stimulus

PLANT RESPONSES TO STIMULI: Tropism = a plant’s growth in a certain direction in response to a stimulus Positive tropism = growth toward a stimulus Negative tropism = growth away from stimulus

Types of tropism Phototropism = plant growth in response to light Plants are positively phototropic to light Geotropism = plant growth in response to gravity Roots = positively geotropic = grow down in the soil Stems and leaves = negative geotropic = grow upward, away from soil Thigmotropism = plants response to touch Hydrotropism = plants response to water

Plant hormones 18. Hormone = a chemical messenger that is produced in one part of an organism and affects activities in another part of the organism. 19. Auxin = hormones that control phototropism 20. Gibberillins = growth hormones that control plant height and bud development 21. Abscisic acid = hormone that slows or stops growth during droughts or cold

Plant adaptations 22. Structural adaptations = seen in leaves, stems, roots, flowers, and seeds. 23. Leaves = where photosynthesis and transpiration 24. Transpiration = causes plants to lose water and prevents photosynthesis form occurring 25. Some plants have waxy coating over their leaves to prevent water loss 26. Some plants have thin needles for leaves to prevent water loss

Structural adaptation 27. Roots = where absorption of water and nutrients occur 28. Some plants have shallow roots near surface to absorb water quickly 29. Some plant have seeds that stick to animal fur to enhance reproduction 30. Some plants produce nectar to enhance pollination = plant fertilization

Think Box #3 Page 13 . phototropism . tropism thigmotropism Negative geotropism geotropism Positive geotropism thigmotropism phototropism

Partner Practice Page 14 . Physical adaptation . Abscisic acid Functional adaptation Abscisic acid gibberillins hormone Structural adaptation gibberillins Structural adaptation auxins

Independent Practice Page 15 Part I Part II . Structural (leaf and roots changes) and Functional adaptations (hormones and tropism) . Plant response to touch Chemical messenger Hormone, causes phototropism Plant growth in a certain direction in response to a stimulus. Hormone, causes plant growth Hormone, stops plant growth Waxy covering Needle-like leaves Flowering at night Plant growth in response to light Plant growth in response to gravity Growing the direction of gravity. Growing opposite the direction of gravity

SILENTLY CLEAR DESK for exit ticket

EXIT TICKET . Part I Part II A . C B C A D B PREDATOR COMMENSALISM + 0 PREY MUTUALISTISM + + B PARASITISM + - C B

EXIT TICKET Part I Part II B . . A A C D D C C D D