Computing Essentials Chapter 3 Interview: One of the reasons a graduation ceremony is called a commencement is because it is a beginning and not a conclusion. HITIS is no longer functioning. Merged with Open Travel Alliance www.opentravel.org Technology Strategies for the Hospitality Industry © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc Nyheim, McFadden, & Connolly Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458

Interview William P. Fisher Darden Eminent Scholar Chair Rosen School of Hospitality Management University of Central Florida Past President of AH&LA Technology Strategies for the Hospitality Industry © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc Nyheim, McFadden, & Connolly Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458

Interview (cont.) Skills needed for a recent graduate: Good attitude Experience Knowledge of Industry Particulars i.e., RevPar Can be productive and see big picture Technology Strategies for the Hospitality Industry © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc Nyheim, McFadden, & Connolly Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458

Interview (cont.) Career advice Stay on cutting edge Gain management skills-coaching Learn what you don’t know about your organization Technology Strategies for the Hospitality Industry © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc Nyheim, McFadden, & Connolly Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458

1. Introduction What is a computer? How does it work? What is under that cover? Technology Strategies for the Hospitality Industry © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc Nyheim, McFadden, & Connolly Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458

2. System Input Process Output Data vs. Information Technology Strategies for the Hospitality Industry © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc Nyheim, McFadden, & Connolly Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458

2. Bits, Nibbles, and Bytes (cont.) Binary Digits On/Off: 1/0 Byte:Bit 8:1 ASCII – American Standard Code for Information Interchange 01000011011000010111001001111001 01000011 01100001 01110010 01111001 =Cary Technology Strategies for the Hospitality Industry © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc Nyheim, McFadden, & Connolly Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458

2. Measurements (cont.) 1024 bytes = 1 kilobyte 1024 kilobytes = 1 megabyte 1024 megabytes = 1 gigabyte 1024 gigabytes = 1 terabyte Technology Strategies for the Hospitality Industry © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc Nyheim, McFadden, & Connolly Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458

2. Analog vs. Digital (cont.) Analog = sine wave (continuous) Digital has only two states High Voltage (1) and Low Voltage (0) Analog and digital can be used in conjunction with one another for greater efficiency Technology Strategies for the Hospitality Industry © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc Nyheim, McFadden, & Connolly Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458

3. Hardware Physical equipment of the computer system Required Components Input/Output (I/0) Devices Central Processing Unit (CPU) External Storage Device Technology Strategies for the Hospitality Industry © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc Nyheim, McFadden, & Connolly Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458

3. Types of Computers (cont.) Palmtop Laptop Desktop Server Supercomputer Technology Strategies for the Hospitality Industry © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc Nyheim, McFadden, & Connolly Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458

3. Hardware Terms (cont.) Motherboard (PCB) Central Processing Unit (CPU) Memory RAM (Random Access Memory) DRAM (64 bit DIMM) ROM (Read Only Memory) Flash Memory Peripherals Technology Strategies for the Hospitality Industry © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc Nyheim, McFadden, & Connolly Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458

3. Storage (cont.) Hard drive Iomega® Zip Drive Floppy CD-ROM/R/RW DVD/R/RW Compact Flash/Smart Media/Sony® Memory Stick USB Drive CD: Laser beam either gets absorbed or reflected (binary) Technology Strategies for the Hospitality Industry © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc Nyheim, McFadden, & Connolly Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458

3. Displays (cont.) Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) Plasma Sharpness Display Mode (Color) Dot Pitch (DPI) Pixels Touch-screen Technology Strategies for the Hospitality Industry © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc Nyheim, McFadden, & Connolly Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458

3. Central Processing Unit (CPU) (cont.) Register Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) Control Unit Data Storage Get Instructions Decode Instructions Execute Instructions Store Results Technology Strategies for the Hospitality Industry © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc Nyheim, McFadden, & Connolly Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458

3. I feel the need for speed! (cont.) The speed limit of a computer’s microprocessor or bus (the circuitry) Megahertz (MHz) 1 MHz = 1 million cycles per second Gigahertz (GHz or Gig) 1 Gig = 1 billion cycles per second Technology Strategies for the Hospitality Industry © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc Nyheim, McFadden, & Connolly Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458

4. Software Programming Languages Operating Systems Applications Integrated vs. Interfaced Object-oriented programming Network (Java and ActiveX = applets, HTML, XML) API – application program interface Technology Strategies for the Hospitality Industry © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc Nyheim, McFadden, & Connolly Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458

5. Operating System Starts the computer (BIOS) Limits direct hardware contact Graphical user interface (GUI) Manages the processing of programs Advance processing features Manages input and output devices Manages filing operations and storage Diagnostic Legacy Systems Case Study A significant barrier is created by the time, risk, and cost involved in the acquisition and installation of IT systems. What many people may not realize is how much of that risk and cost is not related to the basic hardware or software itself, but rather to the cost of developing custom interfaces between new and existing systems. Technology Strategies for the Hospitality Industry © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc Nyheim, McFadden, & Connolly Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458

6. Summary Understanding technology critical “People” provide the information Quality software provides the value Additional Resources www.howstuffworks.com www.cnet.com www.upside.com Technology Strategies for the Hospitality Industry © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc Nyheim, McFadden, & Connolly Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458