Spanish has two simple tenses to indicate actions in the past: the preterite (el pretérito) and the imperfect (el imperfecto). The preterite is used to.

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Presentation transcript:

Spanish has two simple tenses to indicate actions in the past: the preterite (el pretérito) and the imperfect (el imperfecto). The preterite is used to describe actions or states that began or were completed at a definite time in the past. © by Vista Higher Learning, Inc. All rights reserved.

The preterite tense of regular verbs is formed by dropping the infinitive ending (–ar, –er, –ir) and adding the preterite endings. Note that the endings of regular –er and –ir verbs are identical in the preterite tense. The preterite of all regular and some irregular verbs requires a written accent on the preterite endings in the yo, usted, él, and ella forms. Ayer empecé un nuevo trabajo. Mi mamá preparó una cena deliciosa. Yesterday I started a new job. My mom prepared a delicious dinner. © by Vista Higher Learning, Inc. All rights reserved.

Verbs that end in –car, –gar, and –zar have a spelling change in the yo form of the preterite. All other forms are regular. Busqué, buscaste, buscó, buscamos, buscaron Llegué, llegaste, llegó, llegamos, llegaron Empecé, empezaste, empezó empezamos, empezaron © by Vista Higher Learning, Inc. All rights reserved.

Caer, creer, leer, and oír change –i– to –y– in the third-person forms (usted, él, and ella forms and ustedes, ellos, and ellas forms) of the preterite. They also require a written accent on the –i– in all other forms. © by Vista Higher Learning, Inc. All rights reserved.

Verbs with infinitives ending in –uir change –i– to –y– in the third-person forms of the preterite. © by Vista Higher Learning, Inc. All rights reserved.

Stem-changing –ir verbs also have a stem change in the third-person forms of the preterite. Stem-changing –ar and –er verbs are regular. Chancla Verbs © by Vista Higher Learning, Inc. All rights reserved.

Conseguir- to get obtain Other –ir stem-changing verbs include: Conseguir- to get obtain Consentir- to give consent Hervir- to boil Morir- to die Preferir- to prefer Repetir- to repeat Seguir- to follow to continue Sentir- to feel Servir- to serve © by Vista Higher Learning, Inc. All rights reserved.

A number of –er and –ir verbs have irregular preterite stems A number of –er and –ir verbs have irregular preterite stems. Note that none of these verbs takes a written accent on the preterite endings. There are three main types of irregular verbs in the preterite. U, I and J. Irregulares use COMBO endings: e imos iste o (i)eron The yo, él, ella and Ud. Forms don´t have accents because NONE of the irregular preterite verbs have accents.

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él, ella, Ud. hizo © by Vista Higher Learning, Inc. All rights reserved.

Traducir traduj- Traduje, tradujiste, tradujo, tradujimos, tradujisteis, tradujeron © by Vista Higher Learning, Inc. All rights reserved.

Note that the stem of decir (dij–) not only ends in j, but the stem vowel e changes to i. In the usted, él, and ella form of hacer (hizo), c changes to z to maintain the pronunciation. Most verbs that end in –cir have j-stems in the preterite and omit the ¨i¨ from the –jeron ending. © by Vista Higher Learning, Inc. All rights reserved.

ser/ir fui, fuiste, fue, fuimos, fueron ver dar Ser, ir, dar, and ver also have irregular preterites. The preterite forms of ser and ir are identical. Notice these do NOT use the combo endings. ver vi, viste, vio, vimos, vieron dar di, diste, dio, dimos, dieron ser/ir fui, fuiste, fue, fuimos, fueron © by Vista Higher Learning, Inc. All rights reserved.

The preterite of hay is hubo. Hubo dos conciertos el viernes. (continued) The preterite of hay is hubo. Hubo dos conciertos el viernes. There were two concerts on Friday. No irregular PRETERITE verb has ACCENTS!!!!!!!. © by Vista Higher Learning, Inc. All rights reserved.