Do Now Read “The Need for Progress”, a speech given by Joseph Stalin in 1931. Answer the three questions at the bottom of the page, write the answers on the back.

Totalitarianism Warm Up: Summarize what occurred in the Russian Revolution.

Objective Students will… Explain how conditions in the USSR allowed totalitarianism to rise. Analyze economic and political policies, the absence of a free press, and violations human rights in Stalin’s rise to power.

Total, Centralized State Control Totalitarianism—government that dominates every aspect of life

Police State Stalin’s police attack opponents with public force and secret actions The Great Purge—terror campaign against Stalin’s perceived enemies By the end of 1938 Stalin is in complete control 8-13 million people are dead as a result. “They monitored telephone lines, read mail, and planted informers everywhere. Even children told authorities about disloyal remarks they heard at home.”

Russian Propaganda and Censorship Government controls newspapers, radio, and movies. Stalin developed a “cult of personality” often glorifying himself in official propaganda posters. Artists are censored, controlled; their work is harnessed to glorify the Party

More Propaganda “The leader and teacher of humanity in the fight for peace, democracy and socialism.”

Yet MORE propaganda! “Long live the standard bearer of peace. the best friend of the German people.”

Education and Indoctrination Government controls all education, from early grades to college. Children learn the virtues of the Communist Party. Teachers and students who challenge the Party are punished.

Religious Persecution Government attacks the Russian Orthodox Church. Magnificent churches and synagogues are destroyed. Religious leaders are killed. People lose all personal rights and freedoms.

An Industrial Revolution Five-Year Plans—Stalin’s plans for developing the economy Result: large growth in industrial power, but a shortage in consumer goods

An Agricultural Revolution In 1928, government creates collective farms—large, state-owned farms. Peasants resist this change, and 5-10 million peasants die in the crackdown. By 1938, agricultural production is rising.

Woman Gain Rights Communists say women are equal to men. Women forced to join labor force; state provides child care Many women receive advanced educations and become professionals. Women suffer from the demands of work and family.

denies basic liberties TOTALITARIANISM State Control of Individuals demands loyalty denies basic liberties expects personal sacrifice for the good of the state Methods of Enforcement: police terror indoctrination censorship persecution Modern Technology mass communication to spread propaganda advance military weapons State Control of Society business labor housing education Dictatorship & One-Party Rule exercises absolute authority dominates the government Dynamic Leader unites people symbolizes government encourages popular support through force of will Ideology sets goals of the state glorified aims of the state glorified govern

A Powerful Ruler By mid-1930s, Stalin has transformed Soviet Union Totalitarian regime; industrial, political power Stalin controls all aspects of Soviet life: Unopposed as dictator, Communist Party leader Rules by terror instead of constitutional government Demands conformity and obedience.

REVIEW ?s

Lenin’s successor, who worked to control every aspect of life in the Soviet Union, was Joseph Stalin Leon Trotsky Nicholas II Rasputin A government that takes total, centralized control over all aspects of public and private life is an example of Dictatorship Monarchy Totalitarianism Socialism

A system in which the government makes all economic decision is called Stalin’s campaign of terror designed to eliminate anyone who threatened is power was called A pogrom The Great Purge The Terror The Russian Revolution A system in which the government makes all economic decision is called A command economy A dictatorship A totalitarian economy Communism

Stalin’s proposals for the development of the Soviet Union’s economy were called Ten-Year Plans Economic blueprints Five-Year Plans Command economies The agricultural revolution of the USSR combined privately-owned farms called Communist collectives Collective farms Experimental farms Plantations