ISLAM means submission to God Fastest growing Youngest Crescent and star symbolic of the solace and understanding offered by Islam. Just as the waxing moon increases in light and the star provides direction, Islam steadily guides the faithful toward Allah.

1. Name & # people who belong Muslims one who submits to Allah Sunni ~ 80% Shi’a/Shiite ~20% ~ 1.3 billion (2.6million in USA/170,000 in MI) Show where located in the world. Political

Allah Arabic name for God 2. God they worship Allah Arabic name for God

3. Place of worship Mosque Building of prayer Imam

Albanian Islamic Center Harper Woods, MI

Koran/Qur’an 4. Holy scriptures Exact words (in ARABIC)believed to be revealed to Muhammad thru angel Gabriel over 23 years. Collected after M died.

4. Other sources of Islamic Beliefs Shariah Sunnah Muhammad’s example for the duties and way of life expected of Muslims Islamic law, based on interpretations of the Qur’an and Sunnah

KORAN contains… Acts of worship Moral behavior Rules for social life History info “Shariah” = Islamic law: set of rewards and punishments for legal purposes Sunnah = record of way Muslims should live

5. How & when religion began Muhammad’s revelation from God Allah founded Islam Believe Muhammad was the last/final prophet of God to whom the final truths were revealed. 613 CE Spread by conquering & conversion -Page 68 in textbook -Show history chart with Abraham

Sacred places Mecca = M birth, Kaaba, Hajj Medina = “the prophet’s city” In 622 M went to live there(1st yr in Islamic calendar) Death and burial place of M Jerusalem = Dome of the Rock M went to heaven spoke with God and returned

6. Doctrine of salvation Man born sinless with free will. Your good & bad works will be judged, measured, & followers will earn heaven or hell. Die in the name of Allah and go straight to heaven with special rewards.

9. Basic beliefs & code of conduct 5 Pillars of Islam/Faith P. 72 Belief in one God = Allah Muhammad is the prophet Prayer 5 times/day Give alms/charity to the poor & sick Fast during Ramadan Make a pilgrimage/visit to Mecca (Hajj) See next slides for explanations of each Pillar of Faith.

Belief in one God = Allah Muhammad is the prophet Called the shahadah Recitation of faith “There is no one worthy of worship but God, and Muhammad is His messenger.” Believe a final judgment will come Believe people are responsible for their own behavior Believe in devotional activities Many prophets of God, Muhammad is the FINAL prophet

Prayer 5 times/day Called salat These are required ritual prayers EVERY DAY: before sunrise, midday, late afternoon, after sunset, before bed Face Mecca Ritual washing and prayer rug Each prayer is different

Give alms/charity Called zakat/zakah Teaches them to help people in need by giving a percentage of their salary Reminds Muslims that their possessions are a gift from Allah meant to help others and not just themselves.

Fasting during Ramadan Called Sawm Shows obedience to Allah and leaders Nothing to eat or drink during the daylight hours during the month of Ramadan They do this to remember when Muhammad met the angel on the mountaintop when he went there to meditate and pray. This is when Muslims believe Muhammad began to recite the messages from God…that will be written down as the Koran.

Pilgrimage/trip to Mecca p.74 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q7q_LcqbvKI Called hajj…re-in-acts a sacred story Required to make a trip to Mecca at least once in their lifetime if physically and financially able to do so. This journey is done to help them purify themselves of sin. Then ready to devote the rest of their lives to the service of God. Takes place on specific days during the last month of the Islamic calendar.

Remember Sacred Places Mecca = M birth, Kaaba, Hajj Medina = “the prophet’s city” In 622 M went to live there(1st yr in Islamic calendar) Birth of Islamic Community Death and burial place of M Jerusalem = Dome of the Rock M went to heaven spoke with God and returned Show location on map.

Saudi Arabia & Israel

7. Holidays practiced follow Islamic calendar Ramadan = month long fast daylight hrs -Laylat al Qadr = night of power -Night Allah sent Qur’an to M. Stay up late/worship -Eid al Fitr = ending of Ramadan -Breaking of the fast, no work/school, new clothes, gifts, cards, treats Eid al Adha = the feast of sacrifice Abraham sacrifice his son Ishmael No work/school, family feast, share food w/needy Muhammad’s birthday(Mawlid al Nabi) Hajj = pilgrimage/visit to Mecca, Saudi Arabia

8. Rituals practiced Prayer 5 times/day Fasting *Jihad p. 71 Modest dress…women cover heads with hijab Ethical behavior no drinking alcohol, gambling, stealing, or borrowing money with interest Dietary laws halal = foods permitted, no pork, lard/animal fat Segregation of sexes Birth whisper recite words of the shahadah in newborns ear, head shaved $ to charity Arranged marriages are common Death rituals similar to Jews Christians & Jews are recognized as “People of the Book” and are supposed to be treated with tolerance.