Chapter 11 Mixtures Mixtures

Classifying Substances All substances are classified into one of two groups: Pure substances Mixtures Pure substances are made of particles that are all exactly the same. Eg. Gold Pure substances can go through a physical change without the substance changing to a different substance. A Mixture is a physical combination of two or more substances.

Solutions A solution is a mixture of a solvent and a solute. A Solute dissolves in a solvent to form a solution Eg. Sugar A solvent is a substance in which a solute dissolves Eg. water

Alloys A mixture of metals is called an alloy eg. Sterling silver is a mixture of silver and copper. Soluble - A substance that dissolves in a solvent is soluble e.g. sugar in water. Insoluble – A substance that does not dissolve in a solvent e.g. sugar in cooking oil.

Dilute Solution – A dilute solution contains a small amount of solute in a certain volume of solvent. E.g. dilute Ribena Concentrated Solution – A concentrated solution contains a large amount of solute in a certain volume of solvent E.g. strong Ribena You can make a solution more concentrated by either: Adding in more solute Decreasing the amount of solvent

Saturated solution – When no more solute will dissolve in a solution Saturated solution – When no more solute will dissolve in a solution. If you increase the temperature of the Solution more solute will dissolve. A suspension is a mixture of a liquid and tiny bits of an insoluble solid e.g. muddy water

Decanting – a method of separating an insoluble solid from a liquid. E Decanting – a method of separating an insoluble solid from a liquid. E.g. separating sand from water Filtration – method used to separate an insoluble solid from a liquid.

Evaporation – This method is used if you wish to separate a soluble solid from a liquid. E.g. salt from water