Concentration.

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Molarity & Dilution Aleigha Benoit Chemistry 12 December 15th.

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Presentation transcript:

Concentration

But first… some kidney review!

You’re the renal deal

What is the name of the tube that carries urine that joins the kidney to the bladder?

What is the name of the millions of long twisted tubes you have inside your kidneys?

Explain osmosis.

Important definitions Solution: A homogeneous mixture. It appears to only be one substance.

Important definitions Solution: A homogeneous mixture. It appears to only be one substance.

Important definitions Solution: A homogeneous mixture. It appears to only be one substance. Solute: The substance that is being dissolved. Solvent: The substance that does the dissolving (usually water).

Concentration Concentration is a measurement of how much solute there is in a given amount of solution.

2 questions to think about Can you add too much solute to a mixture, such that the solvent can no longer dissolve it?

2 questions to think about Can you add too much solute to a mixture, such that the solvent can no longer dissolve it? 7.5 L

2 questions to think about 2. When you add a solute to a solvent, does it increase the volume of the solution?

2 questions to think about 2. When you add a solute to a solvent, does it increase the volume of the solution?

2 more definitions Saturation: This is when there is too much solute for a solvent to dissolve. Dilution: This is the act of adding more solvent.

If you add solute to a solution, its concentration ________________. If you add solvent to a solution, its concentration ________________.

Concentration Formula C is the concentration (in ______) m is the mass of the solute (in grams) V is the volume of the solution (in litres)

Yard Inch Foot Gallon Quart Mile Ounce Pound

All calculations will be done with metric values. Mass All calculations will be done with metric values.

All calculations will be done with metric values. Mass All calculations will be done with metric values. mg 475

All calculations will be done with metric values. Mass All calculations will be done with metric values. kL 0.08

Practice Problems Mateo mixes 125 g of potassium sulfate (K2SO4) in 325.6 L of solution. What is the concentration of his final solution?

Practice Problems Jaymie pours 6750 mL of solvent into a container that has 162.35 g of aluminum hydroxide in it. What is the concentration of his final solution?

Practice Problems Alex adds 20 000 mg of Gatorade powder to 4 L of water. What is its concentration?

Practice Problems Kaitlyn is reading the nutritional label on the side of a juice bottle. She is shocked to discover that this particular juice contains 43 g of sugar. If the juice’s sugar concentration is 96 g/L, what is the volume of Kaitlyn’s bottle?

Practice Problems Kaitlyn is reading the nutritional label on the side of a juice bottle. She is shocked to discover that this particular juice contains 43 g of sugar. If the juice’s sugar concentration is 96 g/L, what is the volume of Kaitlyn’s bottle? True story!

Practice Problems Saad has been asked to prepare a saltwater solution that has a concentration of 35 g/L. He has only 30 mL of water to work with. How much salt should he pour in?

Practice Problems If the concentration of chlorine in swimming pool water is greater than 0.003 g/L, swimmers run the risk of developing irritated eyes and skin. Tiffany is the manager of a swimming pool. She has just hired a lifeguard who has added 8000 g of chlorine to 2500 kL of water. Should Tiffany fire her?

Concentration Steps Identify the different values and list them (including the units). Is everything in g and L? If so, carry on. If not, convert them to g and L. Decide on which formula you need using the triangle. Again, include your units!! Calculate the missing value… show your units again!

Pepsi sugar concentration

Pepsi sugar concentration

Red Bull has a sugar concentration of 112 g/L Red Bull has a sugar concentration of 112 g/L. How much sugar is in 2 L of red bull?

Which of the following is/are toxic?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IPrndNZ4m6w

Dilution This is the act of adding more solvent. It reduces a solution’s concentration. This is also known as “watering down” a solution.

Dilution You make a solution by dissolving 20 g of salt in 2 L of water. What is the concentration? Then, you add 1 L of water to it. What is the new concentration?