Birth control, STD’s, & infertility

Sexually Transmitted Diseases AKA: STDs Or STIs (sexually transmitted infections) Spread through sexual contact Attack reproductive organs Can cause infertility Inability to produce offspring If left untreated, can be fatal Can be avoided Abstinence Condoms

Viral STDs Infections caused by virus No cure Symptoms can be treated Include: Hepatitis B Infects liver (cirrhosis, cancer) Preventable w/vaccine Genital Herpes Worts/sores no vaccine Human Papillomavirus Cancer (throat, cervical) Worts (mouth, genitals) HIV Flu-like symptoms  many illnesses Causes AIDS No vaccine

Bacterial STDs Treatment or cure = Antibiotics Include: Chlamydia Often has no symptoms Damages fallopian tubes Syphilis Bumps/sores  anywhere on body Gonorrhea Infects genitals, rectum, throat

Contraception (birth control) Method Perfect  Use Typical  Use Combination Pill 99% 92% Condoms 98% 85% Copper IUD Birth Control Shot (depo) 97% Diaphragm 94% 84% Birth Control Implant Mini Pill Patch Hormonal IUD Spermicide 82% 71% Vaginal Ring Withdrawal 96% Perfect use refers to the effectiveness when the method is being used correctly and consistently. Typical use refers to the effectiveness when the method is not being used consistently or the method is not always being used correctly. These rates usually apply to the average person since it can be challenging to always use birth control the correct way.

Birth Control Pills “Trick” body into thinking it’s pregnant Extra hormones (Estrogen+ Progesterone, or Progesterone only) No ovulation occurs no egg = no fertilization = no baby! Last 7 days placebo (no hormones)= menstruation NOT effective in protecting against STD’s

Condoms Rubber sheath Worn during intercourse Prevents against infection (STIs/STDs)

Psychological/Emotional aspects

Review How are STDs spread? How do STDs affect fertility? What forms of contraception help to avoid infections? How are bacterial STDs treated? True or False: Viral STDs are curable.