PENCEMARAN BAU Lecture 6

Pengenalan Pencemaran ditakrifkan sebagai pembuangan benda-benda atau bahan-bahan hasil daripada aktiviti / sisa dari aktiviti manusia ke alam sekitar / persekitaran yang boleh mengakibatkan gangguan terhadap keselesaan, keselamatan dan kesihatan atau kemandirian kehidupan terganggu.

NIOSH

Spraying Enzyme To minimize the foul smell created by the decomposition of waste. Containing organic compound to accelerates the bacteria activities in order to minimize foul smell.

Leachate Treatment Plant Equipped with elaborate leachate collecting system and modern treatment plant to handle the leachate from the landfill. The system is Sequential Batch Treatment (SBR) Lagoon 1 - first stage of treatment system (receives young and old leachate) while lagoon 2 - second stage (treated leachate from lagoon 1 will be treated again before discharging to the river). Average volume : 100 m3/day

Akta Kualiti Alam Sekitar 1974: Pencemaran adalah sebarang perubahan sebarang perubahan, samada secara langsung atau tidak langsung kepada sifat-sifat fizik,kimia,biologi atau aras-aras radiasi mana-mana bahagian alam sekeliling.

melepaskan, mengeluarkan atau meletakkan buangan hingga menjejaskan kegunaan berfaedah yang menimbulkan sesuatu keadaan berbahaya atau mungkin berbahaya kepada kesihatan,keselamatan atau kebajikan awam atau organisma-organisma, tumbuhan dan haiwan2 yang lain. Akta Alam Sekitar 1974

Complaints 2006 (DOE)

Types of odour release during decomposition

Odorous compounds associated with industrial , municipal and agricultural sources

Masalah Pencemaran Bau Mengganggu pernafasan dan mencemarkan udara. Persekitaran jadi tidak selesa (lalat) Gangguan terhadap aktiviti harian Imej (pengotor)

Faktor-Faktor Pencemaran Bau Berkait rapat dengan kegagalan beberapa sistem dan sumbangan daripada pencemaran yang lain. Sistem pelupusan sampah Sistem pembentungan Pencemaran sungai/air Pencemaran udara Sikap masyarakat 

In a US report, of office workers questioned at random, 24% reported air quality problems in their work place, and 20% believed this harmed their ability to do their job effectively

Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) - is a colourless gas with a strong odour like that of a struck match. Sulphur dioxide is an irritant to the respiratory system and exposure to high concentrations for short periods of time can constrict the blood vessels in the lungs and increase mucous flow, making breathing difficult. Those most at risk from these effects include children, the elderly, those with chronic lung disease, and asthmatics. Other harmful effects of SO2 include it's ability to impair the respiratory system's defenses against foreign particles and bacteria when chronically exposed to low concentrations, and enhance the harmful effects of ozone.

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) Volatile organic compounds are organic (carbon-based) compounds that evaporate at ambient temperatures within a building. VOCs can 'offgas' from building materials and much of the contents of most buildings. These compounds often have effects on health from irritating the eyes, nose, and throat, to causing breathing difficulties, to increasing the risk of developing cancer. An example of a VOC commonly present in indoor air is formaldehyde, which is also one of the most toxic being both a strong respiratory irritant, and carcinogen.

Finishes such as paints and varnishes can also increase the VOC content of a building or room. That fresh paint smell is the result of paints high content of VOCs in the form of solvents and binders. In the case of oil based paints, whose use if thankfully being reduced in indoor paints, the entire base of the paint is made up of VOCs. The US EPA has determined that the off-gassing from architectural coatings is estimated to account for about 9% of the VOC emissions from all consumer and commercial products. Many of the VOCs used in paints have ben banned or are being phased out as they are now recognized to be highly toxic and/or carcinogenic.

Sampah adalah antara punca pencemaran bau yang plaing utama, terutama apabila petempatan didirikan berhampiran dengan tempat pembuangan sampah. Pencemaran bau boleh diakibatkan oleh perbuatan manusia sendiri kerana tidak mempunyai kesedaran dan keprihatinan terhadap alam sekitar

Things We Can Do Do not block air vents or grilles. Comply with the office and building smoking policy. Clean up all water spills promptly, water and maintain office plants properly and report water leaks right away. Dispose of garbage promptly and properly. Store food properly.

Cara-Cara Mengatasi Penguatkuasaan undang-undang Pemerkasaan sistem berkaitan. Rancangan pembangunan. Anugerah kualiti Alam Sekitar diperluaskan Kempen berterusan dan praktikal. Penerapan dalam sistem pendidikan

thank you