Reminders Animal Exam 3-11-15 Phyla Books due the day of the test - 3-11-15. Can be used the last 15 minutes of the test. Root Quiz 3-10-15 Zoo Trip 3-4-15 Tomorrow you will take quizzes over phylum mollusca, arthropoda and echinodermata. Thursday You will have a BIG quiz over all phyla.

Phylum Arthropoda

General Characteristics Segmented body - head, abdomen, thorax Exoskeleton – Made of chitin (firm/leathery  tough/hard) Terrestrial have waxy covering that prevents water loss Outgrow the exoskeleton  molt (shedding of exoskeleton) Jointed appendages

General Characteristcs Classified by the number/structure of body segments/appendages, particularly their mouth parts Crustaceans – (aquatic) crabs, shrimp, lobster, crayfish, barnacles Chelicerates – horseshoe crabs, spiders, ticks, scorpions Uniramians – centipedes, millipedes, insects

Feeding Method Herbivores, carnivores, omnivores Variety in mouth parts allow variety in types of food consumed

Respiration Terrestrial Aquatic – feathery gills Tracheal tubes Spiracles – small openings on side of body where air enters/exits tracheal tubes Book lungs – layers of respiratory tissue stacked like pages in a book Aquatic – feathery gills

Circulation & Excretion Open circulatory system Excretion: Terrestrial Malpighian tubules – saclike organs that extract wastes Aquatic – diffusion

Response Brain Ganglia – help control movement Sense organs – eyes & taste receptors

Movement Have muscles (individual cells) – pull against exoskeleton which generates movement

Reproduction Terrestrial – internal fertilization Aquatic – internal or external

Incomplete Metamorphosis Complete Metamorphosis Life Cycles Adult Adult Eggs Eggs Incomplete Metamorphosis Complete Metamorphosis Larva Adult Nymph Nymph Immature Larva Nymph Adult Pupa

Phylum Echinodermata

General Characteristics Coelomates Radial symmetry – 5 part Ability to regenerate Endoskeleton

Feeding & Respiration Feeding method: Respiration: Variety of feeding methods Respiration: Gills & water vascular system

Circulation & Excretion Water vascular system Excretion: Feces released through anus Ammonia passed through thin walled tissues of tube feet or gills

Response Nerve ring that surrounds mouth connected to radial nerves in each arm Detect light, gravity, chemicals

Movement & Reproduction Water vascular system – tube feet Reproduction: Sexual – external fertilization - dioecious

Habitat & Ecology Habitat: Ecology: All marine Help control algae, clam, and coral population Sea star feeds exclusively on coral  destroy coral reefs

Structures Madreporite– sieve like structure through which the water vascular system of an echinoderm opens to the outside Endoskeleton – structural support located inside the body of an animal Tube foot – suction-cuplike structure attached to radial canals; used to walk & open shells Water vascular system – system of internal tubes that carries our essential functions such as feeding, respiration, circulation, and movement Eyespot Endoskeletal plates Anus Stomach Digestive glands Ring canal Radial canal Madreporite Reproductive glands Tube foot Sucker

Comparing Groups and Major Characteristics of Echinoderms Feeding Shape Movement Sea urchins and sand dollars Detritivores Disc- or globe-shaped, no arms Burrow in sandy ocean bottom or wedge in rock crevices using moveable spines attached to endoskeleton Characteristic Brittle stars Sea cucumbers Sea stars Sea lilies and feather stars Star-shaped, arms Move rapidly along ocean floor using arms Cucumber-shaped, no arms Move slowly along ocean floor using muscular body wall to crawl Most carnivores Creep slowly along ocean floor using arms Herbivores Stalk with feathery arms Cannot move; attached to ocean bottom

Work on Phyla Book. You should be through page 23.