Properties of Matter (2016) Matter is anything that has mass and volume Property is a characteristic

Physical Properties of Matter Intensive Not affected by the amount of the substance Hardness State (S, L, G) Color Malleability Ductility Density Temperature Extensive Affected by the amount of the substance Volume (area) Mass (weight) Length

Definitions Malleable (capable of being hammered, rolled or pressed into various shapes without being broken) Ductile (able to be drawn into a wire) Mass (amount of matter in an object, measured with a balance) Weight (effect of gravity, therefore differs with location) Density = Mass/Volume

Physical versus Chemical properties Physical properties Chemical properties Can be observed and measured without changing the composition (chemical formula) of matter Can be extensive or intensive Color, malleable, conductivity, density, melting point, boiling point Properties that can only be observed when substances interact with another substance Chemical composition changes Intensive only Flammability, Oxidation (rust)

Evidence that a chemical reaction may have occurred Gas production Formation of a solid Heat or light is given off Change in color Odor is produced

States of Matter Solid, liquid or gas

Characteristics of the three States of Matter Shape Volume Density Compressible Mass Solid Definite High No Gas Indefinite Very Low Yes States of matter are subject to changes in temperature and pressure

Movement of molecules and relative energy level State of Matter Solid Liquid Gas Molecular Movement Vibrate Slide past one another Move freely and randomly Relative energy of molecules Lowest Highest

Energy changes related to changes in states of matter Endothermic, Sublimation Endothermic Melting Vaporization Solid Exothermic Liquid Gas Freezing Condensation Deposition