Review Ch. 1 Sec. 2 1. Structure function in biology. Ch. 13 Sec. 2 2. Compare photosynthesis to chemosynthesis. Ch. 14 3. Differentiate between habitat and niche. 4. Define competitive exclusion. 5. Name and describe the 3 types of symbiosis.

Targets 1. Describe biotic and abiotic features of Earth’s six major biomes 2. Explain why polar ice caps and mountains are not considered biomes

KEY CONCEPT Biomes are land-based, global communities of organisms.

Earth has six major biomes. A biome is a major community of organisms.

Tropical rain forest biomes produce lush forests. Source: World Meteorological Organization Tropical rain forest biomes produce lush forests. warm temperature abundant precipitation all year

Grassland biomes are where the primary plant life is grass. Rapid City, South Dakota Source: National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration

Grassland biomes are where the primary plant life is grass. Temperate grasslands are dry and warm during the summer; most precipitation falls as snow. Tropical grasslands are warm through the year, with definite dry and rainy seasons.

Desert biomes are characterized by a very arid climate. Tucson, Arizona Source: National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration very low amount of precipitation four types: hot, semi-arid, coastal, and cold

Temperate forest biomes include deciduous forests and rain forests. Temperate deciduous forests have hot summers and cold winters. Deciduous trees are the dominant plant species. Source: National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration Burlington, Vermont

Temperate forest biomes include deciduous forests and rain forests. Temperate deciduous forests have hot summers and cold winters. Deciduous trees are the dominant plant species. The temperate rain forests have a long wet season and relatively dry summer. Ferns and moss cover the forest floor. 

The taiga biome is located in cooler northern climates. Source: Environment Canada Banff, Canada boreal forest long winters and short summers small amount of precipitation

limited precipitation permafrost Barrow, Alaska Source: National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration The tundra biome is found in the far northern latitudes with long winters. winter lasts 10 months limited precipitation permafrost

Minor biomes, such as chaparral, occur globally on a smaller scale.

Land Biomes Biome- major type of terrestrial ecosystem, each biome having its own temperature ranges, rainfall amounts and types of organisms. There are 7 types: 1.Tropical rainforest- found near equator where rain falls nearly every day 2.Desert- lack of water. Most are hot but some are cold w/ freezing temperatures 3.Chaparral- winter rainy seasons followed by summer drought 4.Temperate Forest- frequent rain and cold winters 5.Grasslands- long dry periods and occasional fires prevent growth of trees and shrubs 6.Taiga- northern end of the temperate zone w/ long, cold winters and short summers 7.Tundra- soil is permanently frozen except for a thin layer that briefly thaws during the short, cool summer

Polar ice caps and mountains are not considered biomes. Polar ice caps have no soil, therefore no plant community. The climate and organisms found on mountains change as the elevation changes.

Assignment Review Questions AND 15.3 Assessment p. 467 1-5 Ch. 1 Sec. 2 1. Structure function in biology. Ch. 13 Sec. 2 2. Compare photosynthesis to chemosynthesis. Ch. 14 3. Differentiate between habitat and niche. 4. Define competitive exclusion. 5. Name and describe the 3 types of symbiosis.