Transition to Optical Networks and the Role of the R&E Community Timothy Lance President and Chair, NYSERNet Chair, Mathematics, University at Albany Copyright Timothy Lance, 2003. This work is the intellectual property of the author. Permission is granted for this material to be shared for non-commercial, educational purposes, provided that this copyright statement appears on the reproduced materials and notice is given that the copying is by permission of the author. To disseminate otherwise or to republish requires written permission from the author. 11/8/2018

New Developments and Challenges Reaching everyone affordably and robustly Transition to light-based networking Seminal shift from service- to facility-based networking 11/8/2018

A new center of optical networking 11/8/2018

National and International Optical Initiatives 11/8/2018

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National Lambda Rail 11/8/2018

Basic CA*net 4 Topology Winnipeg Vancouver Calgary Regina St. John's Edmonton Prince George Saskatoon Winnipeg Vancouver Calgary Regina Kamloops Thunder Bay Halifax St. John's Victoria Quebec City Charlottetown Seattle Spokane Sudbury Montreal Ottawa Fredericton Minneapolis Halifax Toronto Kingston Buffalo CA*net 4 Node (Mini-IX) London Hamilton Albany Windsor Possible Future Breakout Chicago Possible Future link or Option New York CA*net 4 OC192

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Regional Optical Initiatives 11/8/2018

NEREN Fredericton Montreal Upstate New York Alternate paths This slide is at the beginning of Leo’s presentation showing the connection between the New England ings. r This will be Tim’s first slide . Alternate paths NEREN

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North East & New England 11/8/2018

National Research Groups 11/8/2018

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And yes, we fiber our villages. 11/8/2018

Fiber Backbone – Phases 1 and 2 Manhattan Project Fiber cables are primarily 864 or 432 strands. NYSERNet has long term lease on varying fractions of these cables; remainder to be used by builder for its own business purposes Laterals (fiber strands) connect the backbone from the nearest manhole to participants’ buildings. Backbone path is chosen to minimize the length and cost of these laterals, and to provide redundant path from any point to any other point. The contract provides for acquisition of additional strands at a later time as needed. Fiber Backbone – Phases 1 and 2

How can we affect the transition? 11/8/2018

Strategic Clusters Community of experts/decision makers Trusted agent Carefully selected projects of strategic/technical/financial importance Strength to be independent of commercial sector/maintain our network direction Expertise/best practices Leverage 11/8/2018

Challenges/Questions Independence Strategic partnerships with vendors Relationship with other organizations (BPG, EDUCAUSE, Quilt, Internet2) Funding options Motivation/broader participation Advocacy vs. maintaining neutrality 11/8/2018

A Possible Future Path Phase one, national R&E optic backbone 80% regional fiber deployment, 40% “first mile” deployment in metro areas, 65% metro build saturation, NSF supports learning network trial testbed, several statewide Internet voting trials   11/8/2018

A Possible Future Path Multi-strand, multi-path backbone completed, first “controlled roaming”, 90% Regional FO Backbones, 70% “first mile” FO deployment in metro, 10% rural first encapsulated “network information units”, broad deployment of learning networks in tornado states for NCAR 11/8/2018

A Possible Future Path First commercialized network roaming (used by news media), R&E roaming fully mature, broader network intuition deployment, “Network books” commercially available, first network based national election 11/8/2018

A Possible Set of Consequences Inter-metro commercial -services available. Competitive inter-metro -services available, first regional -services available, IBM, Motorola, HP join DL consortium with Ivies, Big 10, PAC 8, NSF expands cave research to true “virtual classroom”, NSF-NOAA funding for national NEXRAD research, recording industry drops suits, uses network creatively. Phase one, national R&E optic backbone 80% regional fiber deployment, 40% “first mile” deployment in metro areas, 65% metro build saturation, NSF supports learning network trial testbed, several statewide Internet voting trials   11/8/2018

A Possible Set of Consequences Multi-strand, multipath backbone completed, first “controlled roaming” 90% Regional FO Backbones, 70% “first mile” FO deployment in metro, 10% rural first encapsulated “network information units”, broad deployment of learning networks in tornado states for NCAR Corporate fiber added to R&E for broad “virtual classroom” and corporate – academe cooperation (Project Thinking CAP), critical need leads to White House campaign for “Rural Datafication Act” (RDA) backed by entertainment industry, hardened NEXRAD tool directly linked to “intelligent agents” at air traffic control 11/8/2018

A Possible Set of Consequences First commercialized network roaming (used by news media), R&E roaming fully mature, broader network intuition deployment, “Network books” commercially available, first network based national election RDA and Thinking CAP eases K-12 teacher retirement crisis, with low cost, accessible “Network Books” leads to sharp increase in US “TIMMS” scores, “open-electorate forum” makes qualitative changes in the national election, competitive pricing makes global broadband seem achievable, RDA drives broadband to homes. 11/8/2018

or maybe … 11/8/2018

Another Set of Consequences Phase one, national R&E optic backbone 80% regional fiber deployment, 40% “first mile” deployment in metro areas, 65% metro build saturation, NSF supports learning network trial testbed, several statewide Internet voting trials   RBOCS press for Internet taxation, RIAA expands its suits yet CD sales still fall. RBOC, RIAA efforts succeed, universities sharply curtail student Internet access, some Regionals sell assets, NSF sharply trims network money (urges privatizing), NEXRAD sites upgraded, still without connectivity, universities scale back DL initiatives, IBM, Intel, Motorola, HP establish “corporate university”. 11/8/2018

Another Set of Consequences Multi-strand, multipath backbone completed, first “controlled roaming” 90% Regional FO Backbones, 70% “first mile” FO deployment in metro, 10% rural first encapsulated “network information units”, broad deployment of learning networks in tornado states for NCAR Strengthened DMCA sharply curtails Internet publishing, recording industry suits close several major ISPs, tax legislation supports for rural commercial data services, Internet radar data widely blamed in weather related plane crash, rural schools start to curtail math/science offerings 11/8/2018

Another Set of Consequences First commercialized network roaming (used by news media), R&E roaming fully mature, broader network intuition deployment, “Network books” commercially available, first network based national election Plane crash controversy spills over into elections, suits bring 41 states to return to paper ballots (Consortium for Healthy, Accountable Democracy – Project CHAD), entertainment industry suits curtail network innovation, force creation of Internet book services, rural libraries cut new purchases, most regionals divest of assets, US “TIMMS” scores drop. 11/8/2018

It’s up to us, and time to execute! 11/8/2018