By: Charlotte Schultz, Bailey Donovan, Hannah Coates, Jared Ignacio Cause and Effect By: Charlotte Schultz, Bailey Donovan, Hannah Coates, Jared Ignacio

What is Cause and Effect? Cause and effect is one of the seven rhetorical methods in writing an argument. It is mainly used to explore the deeper impact of an action’s consequence or outcome. Cause: is the subject of the passage causing something to take place. There are two kinds; Immediate causes, which is readily shown since it is in close approximately with the effects Ultimate cause, which is not so apparent and perhaps hidden. Effect: is the results of the causes actions. May be immediate or later to take place shorten this narration so it’s easier on the eyes, easier to take in

Cause and Effect Uses and Purposes Cause and effect essays are used to answer questions as to “Why are things like this?”, “What is effect, or result, of this?”, and “What is the cause of this?” Cause and effect essays are mainly written to persuade oppositions into changing their position with facts and to dive deeper into an action’s results. Purposes Audiences Voices Media -Speculate -Mass market -First Person -Advertisements -Explain -Decision makers -Passionate -Essays -Satirize -Researchers -Objective -Newspapers -Argue -Individual -Academic -Magazines -Sell -Consumers -Editorials Don’t write in paragraph form. Should be bullets. Paragraphs are not enticing to the eye.

The Step in Writing Cause and Effect 1)Introduction--Background and thesis The thesis should introduce your trend The sentences following your topic should explain your effects and causes Explain the issues Focusing argument- purpose of essay 2)First Body Paragraph--First reason why the thesis is true Description of causes Should be presented in the intro but specified in the body illustration of causes how can your cause relate to other situations

The Steps in Writing Cause and Effect Cont. 3)Second Body Paragraph--Second reason why the thesis is true Describe your effects Becomes increasingly specific illustration of the effects how the effect can relate to other situations 4)Third Body Paragraph-- Third reason why the thesis is true talk about both cause and effect explain their relationship analyze why it is important what the reader can do about about what the writer has presented 5)Conclusion--Recap of essay Summing up how our understanding of the issue may be changed Appeal to the reader- how the situation affects us

The DOs and DON’Ts DO’s Explain each cause and effect evidence point clearly State your claim strongly with convincing diction Explain the relationship between the cause and effect Give evidence of your cause and effect with personal anecdotes or real life examples (article, book, etc.) DON’Ts Get off topic about irrelevant evidence Introduce your position too late in the introduction paragraph Forget to respond to the counter-argument Use the phrase, “I think” in your essay. It appears as though you’re not sure of what you are saying!

Sample Paragraph Global Warming: Humans are becoming more careless and unappreciative of Earth with each new generation. One example of this is shown through global warming. Global Warming is the term used to describe a gradual increase in the average temperature of the Earth's atmosphere. As humans burn more fossil fuels, by using gas in their vehicles, the atmosphere becomes polluted with carbon dioxide. The effect of mass CO2 production is the deterioration of our one source of protection from the Sun, the ozone layer. Scientists from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate predict, “ average global temperatures could increase between 1.4 and 5.8 °C by the year 2100”. By then, the sea level will rise due to the melting of the polar ice caps and storms will be more frequent and severe. The climate of the Earth will gradually increase if the next generation does not take initiative to decrease their careless behaviors.

Citations Nordquist, Richard. "Examples of Cause and Effect in Paragraphs and Essays." About.com Education. About Education, 2015. Web. 02 Nov. 2015. Jewells, Richard. "Writing ForCollege." Writing ForCollege. Writing for College, 1 Aug. 2014. Web. 02 Nov. 2015. "Global Warming: News, Facts, Causes & Effects." LiveScience. TechMedia Network, n.d. Web. 10 Nov. 2015. "Organizing An Essay." Organizing an Essay: Cause and Effect. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 Nov. 2015.