Bones are alive Living bones: Form Grow Repair Remodel

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Integumentary and Skeletal Systems
Advertisements

Structure, Function & Malfunction
SAP2b: Relate structure and function in skeletal system
Chapter 7 Skeletal Tissues
Unit 4, part I Bones: Structure and Function. The Skeletal System The skeletal system consists of bones, cartilages, ligaments and joints. The skeleton.
The Skeletal System Parts of the skeletal system
Bones: Tissue and Organ Bones can be referred to as either a tissue (osseous) or an organ –Bone referred to as a connective tissue consists of: cells extracellular.
The Skeletal System.
PowerPoint ® Lecture Slide Presentation by Patty Bostwick-Taylor, Florence-Darlington Technical College Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing.
PART 1: BONES. made up of CT, epithelial tissue, & nerve tissue 18% of weight of human body Skeletal System includes bones & cartilage Part 1: Bone Part.
Skeletal System Mr. Diaz VMHS Lecture 1. The Skeletal System ► Parts of the skeletal system  Bones (skeleton)  Joints ► Cartilages  Ligaments ► Divided.
The Skeletal System.
Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Slides 5.1 – 5.15 Seventh Edition Elaine.
The Skeletal System Anatomy & Physiology I Fall 2013.
The Skeletal System  Parts of the skeletal system  Bones (skeleton)  Joints  Cartilages  Ligaments  Divided into two divisions  Axial skeleton –
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings BIOLOGY OF HUMAN AGING CHAPTER 5 The Skeletal System.
The Skeletal System.
ELAINE N. MARIEB EIGHTH EDITION 5 Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings PowerPoint ® Lecture Slide Presentation by.
The Skeletal System Chapter 6.
Chapter 5 The Skeletal System. The Skeletal System  Parts of the skeletal system  Bones (skeleton)  Joints  Cartilages  Ligaments  Divided into.
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings  Diaphysis  Shaft  Composed of compact bone  Epiphysis  Ends of the bone.
Honors Anatomy copy version
Anatomy and Physiology I Unit 4: The Skeletal System Physiology of the Skeletal System.
Structure and Function
Honors Anatomy & Physiology.  a combination of CT, epithelial & nervous tissues  18% of weight of human body  Skeletal System includes bones & cartilage.
Chapter 5 :The Skeleton Part A Lecture Notes. The Skeletal System ***Quiz 1 Info Parts of the skeletal system Bones (skeleton) Joints Cartilages Ligaments.
Principles of Human Anatomy and Physiology, 11e1 Chapter 6 The Skeletal System: Bone Tissue Lecture Outline.
ELAINE N. MARIEB EIGHTH EDITION 5 Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings PowerPoint ® Lecture Slide Presentation by.
The Skeletal System  Parts of the skeletal system  Bones (skeleton)  Joints  Cartilages  Ligaments  Divided into two divisions  Axial skeleton.
BONE STRUCTURE & GROWTH. Anatomy of a Long Bone  Epiphysis – ends  Mostly spongy bone  Diaphysis – shaft  Made of compact bone  Center is medullary.
NOTES: Skeletal System (Ch 5, part 1). Individual bones are the organs of the skeletal system. A bone contains very active tissues.
Skeletal System: Day Two Long Bone Anatomy, Microscopic Anatomy, Bone Composition, and Joint Anatomy.
Bones are alive Living bones: Form Grow Repair Remodel
Bones and Bone Tissue. Bone Functions Shape Support Protection Movement Electrolyte balance Blood production Acid-base balance.
Skeletal System Lecture Day 3: Bones and Bone Growth.
The Skeletal System  Parts of the skeletal system  Bones (skeleton)  Joints  Cartilages  Ligaments  Two subdivisions of the skeleton  Axial skeleton.
Chapter 5 Gross & Microscopic Bone Anatomy
6-1 Chapter 6 The Skeletal System:Bone Tissue Dynamic and ever-changing throughout life Skeleton composed of many different tissues –cartilage, bone tissue,
Anatomy & Physiology Ms. Figueroa Fall  Objectives: 1. Name 5 functions of the skeletal system 2. Describe the anatomy of a long bone 3. Describe.
BONE DEVELOPMENT and REPAIR From fetal development through growth and repair of damage…
The Skeletal System Chapter 5 Part 1.
Function, Structure, and Repair
The Skeletal System.
The Skeletal System - HBS
Chapter 5 The Skeletal System
The Skeletal System.
Anatomy and Physiology
Chapter 5 The Skeletal System
The Skeletal System: Bone Tissue
The Skeletal System Chapter 5 – Part 1
The Skeletal System.
Osteogenesis or Ossification
Osteology Study of bone structure and function Bones are organs
The Skeletal System.
The Skeletal System.
Skeletal System Chapter 5.
The Skeletal System – Part I
The Skeletal System.
The Skeletal System: Anatomy of Long Bones
The Skeletal System.
Chapter 5 The Skeletal System
Essentials of Anatomy and Physiology
The Skeletal System.
Chap 7: The Skeletal System.
Chapter 5 The Skeletal System
Anatomy and Physiology I Unit 7: The Skeletal System
Function, Structure, and Repair
The Skeletal System.
The Skeletal System Chapter 6.
Presentation transcript:

Bones are alive Living bones: Form Grow Repair Remodel Move at joints (with help from muscles)

Skeletal System – Normal Function Movement Protection Normal Function Support Mineral Storage Blood Cell Production

Bone Types

Long Bone – Macroscopic Anatomy Epiphysis (end) covered with hyaline cartilage compact bone forms exterior spongy bone forms interior contains epiphyseal line/plate Diaphysis (middle) center composed of the medullary cavity containing yellow or red marrow. Marrow helps produce red blood cells. Fig 7.1

Long Bone – Macroscopic Anatomy Fig 7.2

Microscopic Anatomy Osteon = circular structure organized around blood vessels Osteocyte = bone cells Bone matrix = hard calcium-based material between cells Fig 7.3

Tissue Types – Compact Bone Functions Hard and provides stability, framework, protection Structure Matrix has hard mineral structure, based on calcium Cells and matrix are arranged in regular, concentric pattern Compact Bone

Tissue Types – Spongy Bone Functions Lightens total bone weight and provides space for bone marrow Structure Matrix is softer mineral, less organized and less of it Empty spaces between matrix structure are filled with bone marrow Spongy (cancellous) Bone

Spongy Bone

Tissue Types – Hyaline Cartilage Functions Provides soft and smooth covering to end of bone (articular surface) Helps provide smooth and easy movement between bones (at joints) Provides the starting material for new bone growth Structure Matrix is gelatinous with fibers and is evenly distributed between the cells Cells (chrondocytes) are found in pairs within capsules called lacunae Hyaline Cartilage

Bone Physiology Living bones perform the following processes: Formation Starts as an embryo, continues through fetal development and after birth Growth Occurs from before birth through maturity Remodel Old matrix is removed and replaced with new matrix Repair Damaged bones will heal and return to normal structure

Bone Physiology – Formation

Bone Physiology – Formation Fetal bones are made of hyaline cartilage As cartilage cells die, they are replaced with spongy bone in diaphysis After birth, spongy bone invades diaphysis Compact bone replaces spongy bone in diaphysis Hyaline cartilage remains on epiphyseal surface and in growth plate Fig 7.5

Epiphyseal plate -cartilage band indicates ossification is occurring and spongy bone is being deposited

X Ray in Newborn

Bone Physiology - Repair Hemotoma, a mass of clotted blood, forms at the fracture site. A fibrous callus forms, and cartilage matrix is secreted. Spongy bone forms to replace cartilage. Bone remodeling occurs to remove excess material and replace compact bone.

Bone Physiology - Remodeling Bone matrix is inorganic and breaks down over time Specific bone cells (osteoclasts) remove old, broken matrix Other bone cells (osteoblasts) re-make/deposit new matrix The entire skeleton is re- modeled every 7-10 years Remodeling slows with age, elderly people have thinner bones and are more susceptible to broken bones as a result

Aging and Bone Tissue There are two principal effects of aging on bone tissue: 1) Loss of bone mass Results from the loss of calcium from bone matrix The loss of calcium from bones is one of the symptoms in osteoporosis 2) Brittleness Results from a decreased rate of protein synthesis Collagen fibers gives bone its tensile strength The loss of tensile strength causes the bones to become very brittle and susceptible to fracture

Osteoporosis