Unit 6 Whole as Sum of Parts Chapter 3 Lesson 1 pp. 130-137

Basic Properties of Matter Matter is anything that that has mass and takes up space Properties of matter Solubility Mass Hardness (Density) Take up space

3 States of Matter Solid Liquid Gas

Particles of Matter Democritus (a Greek thinker) thought matter was: Made of tiny particles, or bits Different kinds of matter are made of different kinds of particles Particles could not be broken down into smaller parts

The smallest possible particle of a substance is an atom. Atoms are made of Protons (positive charge)- located inside the nucleus Neutrons (neutral (no) charge)- located inside the nucleus Electrons (negative charge)- move around the outside of the nucleus

Atoms - Atoms have a nucleus that contain protons and neutrons -electrons orbiting the outside of the atom The attraction between the protons and the electrons keeps the atom together

A molecule is made up of 2 or more atoms joined together. Atoms and molecules are do small they cannot be seen with a regular microscope because they do not reflect light. Atom means “cannot be divided”

Elements An element is a substance that is made up of just one kind of atom There are 116 elements Examples: Mercury Iron Silver Gold Hydrogen Oxygen

Some Groups of Elements Scientists have grouped elements together Example: Metals and nonmetals However, not all metals are elements- such as steel (it is made of the elements iron and carbon) http://www.hpwt.de/Chemie2e.htm

Metals Metals are: Shiny Malleable- they are easy to shape or form Ductile- they can be pulled into long thin wires without breaking

Nonmetals Nonmetals are: Not shiny Brittle –cannot be pounded without breaking Don’t conduct electricity well

Noble Gases Noble Gases (neither metals nor non-metals) Colorless Odorless Some glow when electricity is added (neon and argon)