2018 Traffic Signal Benchmarking Self Assessment Web Briefing April 4, 2018

Presentation Outline Why Are We Assessing Traffic Signal Programs Some History Assumptions Underlying Concepts Objectives & Performance Based Management Traffic Signal Program and Organizational Capability GcOST Framework The Self Assessment

Why Are We Assessing Traffic Signal Programs Goal Improved Mobility, Safety and Efficiency, Reduce Congestion Objective Objectives and performance-based management in design, operations, and maintenance Strategy / Program of Activities Benchmark traffic signal infrastructure: What is the current level and extent of assets which is integral to informing investment decisions. Capture for traffic signal management, operation and maintenance Organizational and workforce trends: Technology implementation Current practices Value To encourage improvements in practice to benefit the traveling public through proactive management of traffic signal programs leading to consistent system and organizational reliability.

Some History… Traffic Signal Infrastructure U.S. (Est.) Number of signals: 323,000 (1/1000 capita) Value of traffic signal infrastructure assets: $85.9B ($265K/intersection) Annual operating/maintenance program cost: $1.2B ($3,858/intersection) Annual capital program cost: $859M Key Message: We know a little about infrastructure, expanding this knowledge is important. Source: National Transportation Operations Coalition 2012 Traffic Signal Report Card

Assumptions Intersection Control Detection Communication Start Trigger Complaints 3-5 Year Retiming Design Collect Data Implement Install Fine Tune Evaluate Communication Detection Intersection Control System Control Key Message: In addition to assumptions about base infrastructure / Systems and Technology, Signal Timing Practices and Maintenance Practices that happen on a cyclical basis. There’s also built in assumptions about management processes, workforce capability, and business processes that are consistent with this model. But limit the consideration of all the variables that impact the priorities and resources of organizations. The Trigger Event is effectively the objective: The program exist to retime signals every 3-5 years, respond to complaints. Maintenance is aimed at keeping the signals going Red, Green, Yellow and Red again. Minimal Investments in systems and technology, workforce, or organizational improvements to address the goals of the community / organization. The outcome is under resourced traffic signal programs that have difficulty articulating how there day to day activities and need for investments can affect the bottom line of the organization towards achieving its goals. So what’s changed. Stop

Objectives & Performance Based Management Agency Goals context Objectives Strategies Tactics Performance Measures Key Message: Reality: Capital Money is more prevalent than General Operating Funding. Unlikely that workforce numbers will increase. Can we capitalize our needs to improve that capability of organizations? Yes and here’s how. About 60% of all the traffic signals in the US are owned, operated and managed by Local Public Agencies (MPOs, Counties, Parishes, Townships, cities, towns, villages) On a whole LPAs receive less than 15% of all federal aid dollars and only a small percentage of these funds are committed to traffic signal improvements. Traffic Signals programs that receive federal funds, generally depend on grant programs, bond measures, other state or local sources. By law to receive federal aid dollars. Projects must appear on the transportation improvement program (TIP)To compete effectively for outside funds agencies must work the transportation planning process. The planning process relies on developing goals and objectives via the Three C Process (Continuing, Comprehensive and Collaborative). Source: Federal Highway Administration

Objectives & Performance Based Management Mobility Safety Efficiency Sustainability Reduce Congestion Agency Goals context Objectives Strategies Tactics

Traffic Signal Program Tasks: Design Operations Maintenance Communication Detection Intersection Control System Control Management and Administration Objectives Key Message: Approach: enlarge the view of the program from a focus on systems and technology to a complete program, inclusive of S&T as well as the workforce, business process and management and administration. Identify gaps, and needs in each area based in its contribution towards the attainment of objectives. Use capital projects as building blocks to improve the ability of systems and technology to meet objectives as well as to improve organizational capabilities in the dimensions of business processes, workforce, and management and administration which houses the dimensions of culture, collaboration and performance measurement. Area 1 – Traffic Signal Infrastructure Includes all hard infrastructure, poles, standards, pull boxes, conduit, traffic signal cabinet, control and so forth Cherry on top represents advanced operations, adaptive control, advanced operations Area 2 – People Technicians, Analyst, Engineers, Managers, that perform the activities that are necessary to realize the proper function of the systems Knowledge, Skills, Abilities Area 3 - Task: Design, Operations, Maintenance Includes the process that guide activities Preventative, Routine/Scheduled Maintenance, Signal Design Signal Timing Area 4 - Management & Administration Responsible for obtaining and distribution of resources Assigning roles and responsibilities Procurement Asset Management Performance Reporting Organizational Structure Measuring the effectiveness of the program Workforce

Traffic Signal Program Key Message: The TSMP first establishes what is most important by working through goals and context Goals: Mobility / Safety / Livability / Reliability / Fiscal / Quality Customer Service Context: Users – Ped / Bike / Transit / Vehicle / Freight / Rail Network – CBD / Linear / Grid / Freeway Interchange / Rural Land Use – Retail / Commercial / Residential / Academic Infrastructure – Communications / Detection / Control / Displays Resources – Capital / Maintenance / Operations Staff – Skills / Equipment / Depth Demand – Light / Moderate / Heavy / Congested Objectives: Assign ROW Equitable Distribution of Green Time Smooth Flow Throughput Queue Management Responsive to Stakeholder Needs Comply with Policies and Standards Minimize Life Cycle Costs Sustain Intersection / Signal State of Good Repair Sustain System Equipment – State of Good Repair

Infrastructure, Systems & Technology Communication Detection Intersection Control System Control Objectives Key Message: Approach: enlarge the view of the program from a focus on systems and technology to a complete program, inclusive of S&T as well as the workforce, business process and management and administration. Identify gaps, and needs in each area based in its contribution towards the attainment of objectives. Use capital projects as building blocks to improve the ability of systems and technology to meet objectives as well as to improve organizational capabilities in the dimensions of business processes, workforce, and management and administration which houses the dimensions of culture, collaboration and performance measurement. Area 1 – Traffic Signal Infrastructure Includes all hard infrastructure, poles, standards, pull boxes, conduit, traffic signal cabinet, control and so forth Cherry on top represents advanced operations, adaptive control, advanced operations Area 2 – People Technicians, Analyst, Engineers, Managers, that perform the activities that are necessary to realize the proper function of the systems Knowledge, Skills, Abilities Area 3 - Task: Design, Operations, Maintenance Includes the process that guide activities Preventative, Routine/Scheduled Maintenance, Signal Design Signal Timing Area 4 - Management & Administration Responsible for obtaining and distribution of resources Assigning roles and responsibilities Procurement Asset Management Performance Reporting Organizational Structure Measuring the effectiveness of the program

Business Processes Tasks: Design Operations Maintenance Objectives Key Message: Approach: enlarge the view of the program from a focus on systems and technology to a complete program, inclusive of S&T as well as the workforce, business process and management and administration. Identify gaps, and needs in each area based in its contribution towards the attainment of objectives. Use capital projects as building blocks to improve the ability of systems and technology to meet objectives as well as to improve organizational capabilities in the dimensions of business processes, workforce, and management and administration which houses the dimensions of culture, collaboration and performance measurement. Area 1 – Traffic Signal Infrastructure Includes all hard infrastructure, poles, standards, pull boxes, conduit, traffic signal cabinet, control and so forth Cherry on top represents advanced operations, adaptive control, advanced operations Area 2 – People Technicians, Analyst, Engineers, Managers, that perform the activities that are necessary to realize the proper function of the systems Knowledge, Skills, Abilities Area 3 - Task: Design, Operations, Maintenance Includes the process that guide activities Preventative, Routine/Scheduled Maintenance, Signal Design Signal Timing Area 4 - Management & Administration Responsible for obtaining and distribution of resources Assigning roles and responsibilities Procurement Asset Management Performance Reporting Organizational Structure Measuring the effectiveness of the program Objectives

Workforce Workforce Objectives Key Message: Approach: enlarge the view of the program from a focus on systems and technology to a complete program, inclusive of S&T as well as the workforce, business process and management and administration. Identify gaps, and needs in each area based in its contribution towards the attainment of objectives. Use capital projects as building blocks to improve the ability of systems and technology to meet objectives as well as to improve organizational capabilities in the dimensions of business processes, workforce, and management and administration which houses the dimensions of culture, collaboration and performance measurement. Area 1 – Traffic Signal Infrastructure Includes all hard infrastructure, poles, standards, pull boxes, conduit, traffic signal cabinet, control and so forth Cherry on top represents advanced operations, adaptive control, advanced operations Area 2 – People Technicians, Analyst, Engineers, Managers, that perform the activities that are necessary to realize the proper function of the systems Knowledge, Skills, Abilities Area 3 - Task: Design, Operations, Maintenance Includes the process that guide activities Preventative, Routine/Scheduled Maintenance, Signal Design Signal Timing Area 4 - Management & Administration Responsible for obtaining and distribution of resources Assigning roles and responsibilities Procurement Asset Management Performance Reporting Organizational Structure Measuring the effectiveness of the program Workforce

Management and Administration Objectives Key Message: Approach: enlarge the view of the program from a focus on systems and technology to a complete program, inclusive of S&T as well as the workforce, business process and management and administration. Identify gaps, and needs in each area based in its contribution towards the attainment of objectives. Use capital projects as building blocks to improve the ability of systems and technology to meet objectives as well as to improve organizational capabilities in the dimensions of business processes, workforce, and management and administration which houses the dimensions of culture, collaboration and performance measurement. Area 1 – Traffic Signal Infrastructure Includes all hard infrastructure, poles, standards, pull boxes, conduit, traffic signal cabinet, control and so forth Cherry on top represents advanced operations, adaptive control, advanced operations Area 2 – People Technicians, Analyst, Engineers, Managers, that perform the activities that are necessary to realize the proper function of the systems Knowledge, Skills, Abilities Area 3 - Task: Design, Operations, Maintenance Includes the process that guide activities Preventative, Routine/Scheduled Maintenance, Signal Design Signal Timing Area 4 - Management & Administration Responsible for obtaining and distribution of resources Assigning roles and responsibilities Procurement Asset Management Performance Reporting Organizational Structure Measuring the effectiveness of the program

Communication Failures GcOST Framework Yellow and Red Actuations Split Failures Green Occ Ratio Red Occ Ratio % Arrivals on Red %Arrivals on Green Purdue Coordination Diagram Queue Length Detector Failures Communication Failures Performance Measures

Communication Failures Quality Customer Service Fiscal Responsibility GcOST Framework Yellow and Red Actuations Split Failures Green Occ Ratio Red Occ Ratio % Arrivals on Red %Arrivals on Green Purdue Coordination Diagram Queue Length Detector Failures Communication Failures Performance Measures Safety Mobility Good State of Repair Quality Customer Service Fiscal Responsibility Goals

GcOST Framework Performance Measures Traffic Demand Yellow and Red Actuations Split Failures Green Occ Ratio Red Occ Ratio % Arrivals on Red %Arrivals on Green Purdue Coordination Diagram Queue Length Detector Failures Communication Failures Performance Measures Traffic Demand (Light, Moderate, Heavy) Network Configuration (Grid, Linear, Interchange) User Mix (Vehicle, Ped Bike) Organizational Capability Context Safety Mobility Good State of Repair Quality Customer Service Fiscal Responsibility Goals

GcOST Framework Goals Context Objectives Performance Measures Safety Yellow and Red Actuations Split Failures Green Occ Ratio Red Occ Ratio % Arrivals on Red %Arrivals on Green Purdue Coordination Diagram Queue Length Detector Failures Communication Failures Performance Measures Safe Transfer of Right of Way Smooth Flow Fair Green Time Distribution Throughput Queue Management Reliable Infrastructure Responsive to Stakeholder Needs Objectives Traffic Demand (Light, Moderate, Heavy) Network Configuration (Grid, Linear, Interchange) User Mix (Vehicle, Ped Bike) Organizational Capability Context Safety Mobility Good State of Repair Quality Customer Service Fiscal Responsibility Goals

GcOST Framework Goals Context Objectives Performance Measures Safety Yellow and Red Actuations Split Failures Green Occ Ratio Red Occ Ratio % Arrivals on Red %Arrivals on Green Purdue Coordination Diagram Queue Length Detector Failures Communication Failures Performance Measures Safe Transfer of Right of Way Smooth Flow Fair Green Time Distribution Throughput Queue Management Reliable Infrastructure Responsive to Stakeholder Needs Objectives Traffic Demand (Light, Moderate, Heavy) Network Configuration (Grid, Linear, Interchange) User Mix (Vehicle, Ped Bike) Organizational Capability Context Safety Mobility Good State of Repair Quality Customer Service Fiscal Responsibility Goals

GcOST Framework Performance Measures Safe Transfer of Right of Way Yellow and Red Actuations Split Failures Green Occ Ratio Red Occ Ratio % Arrivals on Red %Arrivals on Green Purdue Coordination Diagram Queue Length Detector Failures Communication Failures Performance Measures Safe Transfer of Right of Way Smooth Flow Fair Green Time Distribution Throughput Queue Management Reliable Infrastructure Responsive to Stakeholder Needs Objectives Traffic Demand (Light, Moderate, Heavy) Network Configuration (Grid, Linear, Interchange) User Mix (Vehicle, Ped, Bike) Organizational Capability Context Safety Mobility Good State of Repair Quality Customer Service Fiscal Responsibility Goals

GcOST Framework Performance Measures Safe Transfer of Right of Way Yellow and Red Actuations Split Failures Green Occ Ratio Red Occ Ratio % Arrivals on Red %Arrivals on Green Purdue Coordination Diagram Queue Length Detector Failures Communication Failures Performance Measures Safe Transfer of Right of Way Smooth Flow Fair Green Time Distribution Throughput Queue Management Reliable Infrastructure Responsive to Stakeholder Needs Objectives Traffic Demand (Light, Moderate, Heavy) Network Configuration (Grid, Linear, Interchange) User Mix (Vehicle, Ped, Bike) Organizational Capability Context Safety Mobility Good State of Repair Quality Customer Service Fiscal Responsibility Goals

GcOST Framework Performance Measures Safe Transfer of Right of Way Yellow and Red Actuations Split Failures Green Occ Ratio Red Occ Ratio % Arrivals on Red %Arrivals on Green Purdue Coordination Diagram Queue Length Detector Failures Communication Failures Performance Measures Safe Transfer of Right of Way Smooth Flow Fair Green Time Distribution Throughput Queue Management Reliable Infrastructure Responsive to Stakeholder Needs Objectives Traffic Demand (Light, Moderate, Heavy) Network Configuration (Grid, Linear, Interchange) User Mix (Vehicle, Ped, Bike) Organizational Capability Context Safety Mobility Good State of Repair Quality Customer Service Fiscal Responsibility Goals

GcOST Framework Performance Measures Safe Transfer of Right of Way Yellow and Red Actuations Split Failures Green Occ Ratio Red Occ Ratio % Arrivals on Red %Arrivals on Green Purdue Coordination Diagram Queue Length Detector Failures Communication Failures Performance Measures Safe Transfer of Right of Way Smooth Flow Fair Green Time Distribution Throughput Queue Management Reliable Infrastructure Responsive to Stakeholder Needs Objectives Traffic Demand (Light, Moderate, Heavy) Network Configuration (Grid, Linear, Interchange) User Mix (Vehicle, Ped Bike) Organizational Capability Context Safety Mobility Good State of Repair Quality Customer Service Fiscal Responsibility Goals

GcOST Framework Performance Measures Safe Transfer of Right of Way Yellow and Red Actuations Split Failures Green Occ Ratio Red Occ Ratio % Arrivals on Red %Arrivals on Green Purdue Coordination Diagram Queue Length Detector Failures Communication Failures Performance Measures Safe Transfer of Right of Way Smooth Flow Fair Green Time Distribution Throughput Queue Management Reliable Infrastructure Responsive to Stakeholder Needs Objectives Traffic Demand (Light, Moderate, Heavy) Network Configuration (Grid, Linear, Interchange) User Mix (Vehicle, Ped Bike) Organizational Capability Context Safety Mobility Good State of Repair Quality Customer Service Fiscal Responsibility Goals

GcOST Framework Performance Measures Safe Transfer of Right of Way Yellow and Red Actuations Split Failures Green Occ Ratio Red Occ Ratio % Arrivals on Red %Arrivals on Green Purdue Coordination Diagram Queue Length Detector Failures Communication Failures Performance Measures Safe Transfer of Right of Way Smooth Flow Fair Green Time Distribution Throughput Queue Management Reliable Infrastructure Responsive to Stakeholder Needs Objectives Traffic Demand (Light, Moderate, Heavy) Network Configuration (Grid, Linear, Interchange) User Mix (Vehicle, Ped Bike) Organizational Capability Context Safety Mobility Good State of Repair Quality Customer Service Fiscal Responsibility Goals

GcOST Framework Performance Measures Safe Transfer of Right of Way Yellow and Red Actuations Split Failures Green Occ Ratio Red Occ Ratio % Arrivals on Red %Arrivals on Green Purdue Coordination Diagram Queue Length Detector Failures Communication Failures Performance Measures Safe Transfer of Right of Way Smooth Flow Fair Green Time Distribution Throughput Queue Management Reliable Infrastructure Responsive to Stakeholder Needs Objectives Traffic Demand (Light, Moderate, Heavy) Network Configuration (Grid, Linear, Interchange) User Mix (Vehicle, Ped Bike) Organizational Capability Context Safety Mobility Good State of Repair Quality Customer Service Fiscal Responsibility Goals

Traffic Signal Benchmarking and State of the Practice Report Systems and Technology Infrastructure & Systems Business Processes Design / Ops / Maintenance Workforce Knowledge, Skills, Abilities Management and Administration Organizational Structure Roles Budgeting Collaboration / Culture Organizational Assessment 5 min - Capability Maturity Assessment Walk Thru

Raise hand Wait for signal Questions? Eddie Curtis Federal Highway Administration eddie.curtis@dot.gov | (404) 780-0927 Douglas E. Noble, P.E., PTOE Institute of Transportation Engineers dnoble@ite.org | ((202) 464-6248 Steven Lavrenz, Ph.D. E.I. National Operations Center of Excellence slavrenz@transportationops.org | (202) 464-6222 Raise hand Wait for signal Eddie Curtis with the Federal Highway Administration is the lead contact for ATSPM. Feel free to reach out to him if you are interested. He will happily assist you! The unexamined traffic signal is not worth operating. ~ Curtis Sources: _____?

2018 Traffic Signal Benchmarking Self Assessment