Chapter 6 Lesson 1 Beginning

PG 140 Beginnings Judaism- modern and ancient religion The Israelites of Southwest Asia began worshipping one god- monotheism They believed God sent prophets to communicate with them Believed God was powerful but also good and just- he expected goodness Believed individuals could connect with God through prayer, study, and good acts. Judaism was unique for practicing monotheism.

PG 141 Hebrew Bible Abraham Recorded history and writings became Hebrew Bible- Tanakh Explained Judaism the beliefs of the Israelites. Judaism played an important part in the development of Christianity and Islam Christians call the Hebrew Bible- the Old Testament- Christianity grew directly from Judaism and Islam accepted many of the same beliefs. Around 1200BC- Egypt’s empire died and the Israelites along with others created new kingdoms Survived on herding and trading Abraham and his family migrated to Canaan- these were believed to be the ancestors of ancient Israelites The Hebrew Bible says God told Abraham to go to Canaan and it would be his descendant’s forever- This land is often called the Promise Land because of God’s promise to Abraham Hebrew Bible Abraham

PG 142 Isaac and Jacob Moses and the Exodus Isaac was Abraham’s son, Jacob was his grandson- headed the family after Abraham died The Hebrew Bible says- an angel gave Jacob the name Israel- and he had 12 sons who each became the leaders of the 12 tribes “The Twelve Tribes of Israel” Jacobs family left Canaan due to famine Went to Egypt- lived peacefully for several generations- population increased- pharaoh got scared- forced the Israelites into slavery Israelites wanted freedom from slavery (continued on next slide) Isaac and Jacob Moses and the Exodus

PG 142 Moses was a prophet who heard Gods voice from a burning bush to confront the pharaoh- according to the Hebrew Bible. The Hebrew Bible says that when the Pharaoh refused to set them free, God sent 10 plagues upon Egypt. The text says- at first the Pharaoh agreed and told the Israelites to leave but then sent his army after them According to the Hebrew Bible- when they reached the Red Sea- God parted the Sea so they could walk through –then let the water back flooding the army The Exodus was the Israelites departure from Egypt and is celebrated every year. According to the Hebrew Bible- the Israelites received a covenant The covenant

PG 143 The covenant was that God would return the Israelites to Canaan if they promised to follow his teachings- which he delivered to Moses on Mt. Sinai- which later became the Torah- and included the Ten Commandments. The central idea of the ten Commandments was loyalty These commandments shaped the moral principles of many nations They promoted social justice

PG 144 The Land of Canaan Who were the Canaanites ? Hebrew Bible says Moses died before the Israelites reached Canaan Began in 3000BC as a nomadic tribe The Phoenicians were one Canaanite group- they lived in cities along the Mediterranean Sea- they were skilled traders and sailors Phoenicians plotted voyages using the sun and moon

PG 146 The Phoenicians soon controlled the Mediterranean Sea- they were famous fort heir purple dye- they settled new areas as they traded including Carthage- a very powerful city The Phoenicians settles and traded and created their own written language- invented the first alphabet- made writing and record keeping easier- spread their alphabet with trade. The Philistines invaded the Mediterranean areas around 1200BC. They were also known as “Sea People” Set up 5 walled towns in Southern Canaan on the Mediterranean Skilled at making tools and weapons- had a strong army- accepted others ideas but kept their own religion and language. Philistines

PG 146 Military Conquest Because of others the Israelites had a tough time of taking Canaan as theirs Joshua led them in a series of battles The Israelites took control of the city of Jerico The Hebrew Bible says that any land seixed was split between the 12 tribes

PG 147 Life in Canaan The Tabernacle After many battles the Israelites took over Canaan and settled there They adapted to their new environment Lived in two level houses- made of mud- brick or stone- clay floors- wood beams- and thatched roofs- slept on upper level of the home Worshipped God in big tents- tabernacle- believed to house God’s presence- move able- contained many valuable artifacts- eventually located at Shilo.