CIVIL WAR VISUAL VOCABULARY

LEARNING OBJECTIVE: SS.912.A.2.1: Review causes and consequences of the Civil War

Free States Slave States Free State: A state in the US where slavery was illegal. Slave State: A state in the US where slavery was legal.

Missouri Compromise Agreement passed by Congress in 1820 Maintain the balance of power between slave states and free states Missouri was admitted as a slave state Maine was admitted as a free state to keep the balance of power

Abolitionist A person who wanted to end slavery

Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 Required escaped slaves to be returned to their owners

Kansas-Nebraska Act Law that allowed voters in Kansas and Nebraska to choose whether to allow slavery or not Caused lots of discussion between the North and South

Dred Scott Decision U.S. Supreme Court ruling on March 6, 1857 Voted 7–2 that a slave (Dred Scott) who had resided in a free state and territory was not entitled to his freedom African Americans were not and could never be citizens of the United States

Harper’s Ferry US arsenal in Virginia where John Brown led a raid He and his followers hoped to distribute weapons to slaves and start a rebellion His plan failed and he was executed.

Secede To leave or withdraw Eleven Southern states seceded from the Union in 1860 which precipitated the Civil War

Confederacy The southern states that seceded from the United States in 1861

Union The United States (especially the northern states during the American Civil War)

Border States Slave states that remained in the Union (Missouri, Kentucky, Maryland, and Delaware)

Fort Sumter Union military post in South Carolina which was taken over by the Confederacy in 1861 Officially began the Civil War

Gatling Gun Rapid-fire gun capable of shooting 600 rounds per minute

Ironclad Ship made of iron Monitor (Union) vs. Merrimac (Confederacy)

Blockade Blockade Runners A Union strategy to block supplies getting into the South Blockade Runners Confederate steam ships Ran supplies to the South past the Union blockade

Anaconda Plan Union strategy for winning by "squeezing" on all sides The Union blocked the South's coastline and Mississippi River to stop movement of people and supplies in the South

Emancipation Proclamation Document freeing slaves in Union-controlled Confederate states It did not end slavery

Battle of Gettysburg The turning point of the Civil War that made it clear the North would win It stopped the South's advance in the North

Gettysburg Address Speech given by Abraham Lincoln at the dedication of the Gettysburg National Cemetery His three minute speech inspired the North to keep fighting for a united country and the end of slavery

Appomattox Courthouse Place where Civil War ended on April 9, 1865 Lee surrendered to Grant

13th Amendment Officially abolished slavery in the United States