Do you want to be a leader? Why? Why not?

Some quotes to consider… "A good leader is not necessarily the most popular person in their business, but the best ones are liked because they are respected for their clarity and vision"  - Alan Sugar "Good leadership is about the company's success, not your own"  - Anne Mulcahy (CeO Xerox) "Leadership is the capacity to translate vision into reality"  - Warren Bennis Founding Chairman of The Leadership Institute at the University of Southern California.

Syllabus aims… the meaning of leadership the range of leadership styles assessing internal and external factors influencing leadership style the role of leadership in managing change assessing the importance of leadership.

The meaning of leadership A relationship through which one person influences the behaviour or actions of other people Source: Mullins (The Nature of Leadership)

Can you name me some leaders Can you name me some leaders? (They don’t have to be from the world of business!) Confucius  Genghis Khan Edmund Hillary first to summit Mount Everest during the 1953 British expedition Lenin Kofi Annan Head of UN 1997 - 2007

What about business leaders?

Current Business leaders Click here for loads more

What about these?

In reality, both are closely linked Leaders Managers Inspire people Build relationships Take risks Have followers Enact the plan Use their authority Manage risks Have subordinates In reality, both are closely linked

You will need to go back to these links later for your task!

Leadership types… Authoritarian Paternalistic Democratic Laissez-faire

Used in the armed forces! Leadership theory Authoritarian Authoritarian leaders provide clear expectations for what needs to be done, when it should be done, and how it should be done. There is also a clear division between the leader and the followers. Authoritarian leaders make decisions independently with little or no input from the rest of the group.  Anna Wintour Editor of Vogue Used in the armed forces! Mrs Gordon's notes 13

Paternalistic Leader decides what is best for employees Leadership theory Paternalistic Leader decides what is best for employees Links with Mayo – addressing employee needs Akin to a parent/child relationship Still little delegation A softer form of authoritarian leadership John Cadbury Mrs Gordon's notes 14

Leadership theory Democratic Democratic leaders offer guidance to group members, but they also participate in the group and allow input from other group members. Employees have greater involvement in decision-making Emphasis on delegation and consultation President John F. Kennedy – more charismatic than democratic? One of the best examples of a democratic leader is also a political figure - Dwight D. Eisenhower As a military leader Eisenhower was faced with the difficult task of getting the Alliance forces to agree on a common strategy.  Eisenhower worked hard to make sure everyone worked together to come to a common understanding.  This was one of his greatest achievements.  It was here that the democratic leadership style and collaborative efforts of Eisenhower shone through and with a victory of the Alliance forces to help back up the correctness of the approach. President Dwight D. Eisenhower Mrs Gordon's notes 15

Leadership theory Democratic Democratic leaders offer guidance to group members, but they also participate in the group and allow input from other group members. Employees have greater involvement in decision-making Emphasis on delegation and consultation Mrs Gordon's notes 16

Leadership theory Laissez-faire Is a leader who leaves the details to experts and doesn't interfere with subordinates. Leader has little input into day-to-day decision-making Conscious decision to delegate power Managers / employees have freedom to do what they think is best Effective when staff are ready and willing to take on responsibility Not the same as abdication Mrs Gordon's notes 17

Another theory on leadership styles

Tannenbaum and Schmidt Four Main Styles of Leadership Tells Manager identifies problems, makes decision and announces to subordinates; expects implementation Sells Manager still makes decision, but attempts to overcome resistance through discussion & persuasion Consults Manager identifies problem and presents it to the group. Listens to advice and suggestions before making a decision Joins Manager defines the problem and passes on the solving & decision-making to the group (which manager is part of)

What factors would influence the leadership style???? Choose one of these leaders and list all the factors that would influence their leadership style

Larry Page and Sergey Brin Irene Rosenfeld CeO of Kraft Francisco D'Souza Youngest CeO at 37 http://people.forbes.com/profile/francisco-d-souza/20957 Larry Page and Sergey Brin Co-Founders, Google Andrea Jung CeO of Avon

Internal Factors affecting leadership style Personal value systems Manager’s experience Confidence in subordinates Feelings of security Nature of the business problems Type of organisation (size, structure) Effectiveness of teams and groups Skills and experience of subordinates Pressure (time, costs)

External Factors affecting leadership style The political and legal environment The economic environment The social environment The technological environment Changing nature of the industry

Your task Use the internet to research the benefits and limitations of each type of leadership style… Make your own ‘revision notes’ to use… See last slide for links to useful resources.

Group Mind Maps… How can a good leader help a business be successful? Leadership theory Group Mind Maps… How can a good leader help a business be successful? How can a bad leader cause a business to be less competitive? What other factors, other than leadership, help a business be successful? Consider at least 2 internal & 2 external factors. Use three pieces of A3 paper…. Get each group to share their ideas – pull together a clear answer to each section – get students to make notes on the ‘final’ answer. Stress that this is a typical ‘essay’ answer…. Share your ideas on these areas Mrs Gordon's notes

Extension task…. Use the internet to research more of the work of up to two leadership theorists covered in this unit, which could include: Kurt Lewin Blake and Mouton’s Country Club Management (1964) Tannenbaum and Schmidt’s Continuum Theory (1973) Douglas McGregor – Theory X and Theory Y Managers Fred Fiedler – Contingency Model John Adair – Action Centred Leadership

Your HWK task…. Your task is to research a current chief executive of any business. This could be of one of the UK’s FTSE 100 firms. Write a short report (at least 500 words) giving examples of leadership style and justifying your findings. Include an image of the CeO How do these leadership theories apply to your chosen leader? Include your word count at the end of your work!

Most innovative businesses in 2009.

Further reading http://www.leader-values.com/ http://www.leadership-expert.co.uk/leadership-styles/ http://psychology.about.com/od/leadership/a/leadstyles.htm http://www.slideshare.net/chintu83/leadership-styles-with-examples http://images.businessweek.com/ss/09/10/1001_worlds_best_companies_2009/index.htm http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/09_16/b4127046252968.htm?chan=magazine+channel_in%3A+inside+innovation http://www.businessweek.com/managing/content/sep2009/ca20090918_716655.htm