12.16.15 Catalyst What are leukocytes? What do they do for your body?

The week… Today - Blood Types Thursday - Project Brainstorm/research check-ins Friday - Blood Splatter

Figure 42.17 The composition of mammalian blood Plasma 55% Constituent Major functions Cellular elements 45% Cell type Number per µL (mm3) of blood Functions Water Solvent for carrying other substances Erythrocytes (red blood cells) 5–6 million Transport oxygen and help transport carbon dioxide Ions (blood electrolytes) Sodium Potassium Calcium Magnesium Chloride Bicarbonate Osmotic balance, pH buffering, and regulation of membrane permeability Separated blood elements Leukocytes (white blood cells) 5,000–10,000 Defense and immunity Plasma proteins Albumin Osmotic balance pH buffering Lymphocyte Basophil Fibrinogen Figure 42.17 The composition of mammalian blood For the Discovery Video Blood, go to Animation and Video Files. For the Cell Biology Video Leukocyte Adhesion and Rolling, go to Animation and Video Files. Clotting Immunoglobulins (antibodies) Defense Eosinophil Neutrophil Monocyte Substances transported by blood Nutrients (such as glucose, fatty acids, vitamins) Waste products of metabolism Respiratory gases (O2 and CO2) Hormones Platelets 250,000– 400,000 Blood clotting

Fig. 42-18-1 Collagen fibers Platelet plug Platelet releases chemicals that make nearby platelets sticky Figure 42.18 Blood clotting

Platelet releases chemicals that make nearby platelets sticky Fig. 42-18-2 Collagen fibers Platelet plug Platelet releases chemicals that make nearby platelets sticky Clotting factors from: Platelets Damaged cells Plasma (factors include calcium, vitamin K) Figure 42.18 Blood clotting

Platelet releases chemicals that make nearby platelets sticky Fig. 42-18-3 Collagen fibers Platelet plug Platelet releases chemicals that make nearby platelets sticky Clotting factors from: Platelets Damaged cells Plasma (factors include calcium, vitamin K) Figure 42.18 Blood clotting Prothrombin Thrombin

Platelet releases chemicals that make nearby platelets sticky Fig. 42-18-4 Red blood cell Collagen fibers Platelet plug Fibrin clot Platelet releases chemicals that make nearby platelets sticky Clotting factors from: Platelets Damaged cells Plasma (factors include calcium, vitamin K) Figure 42.18 Blood clotting Prothrombin Thrombin Fibrinogen Fibrin 5 µm

Stem cells (in bone marrow) Lymphoid stem cells Myeloid stem cells Fig. 42-19 Stem cells (in bone marrow) Lymphoid stem cells Myeloid stem cells Lymphocytes B cells T cells Figure 42.19 Differentiation of blood cells Erythrocytes Neutrophils Platelets Eosinophils Monocytes Basophils

Blood Types

My blood type is A… what does that actually mean?

Determining Blood Types

Rh Factor… (also called D antigen)

For example…

Donate?

How common is your type?

Blood Practice Questions. Use your notes to respond throughly.