War and Expansion in the United States

Objectives Trace U.S. expansion to the Pacific Describe effects of the Civil War Analyze postwar economic expansion

Americans Move West Manifest Destiny Indian Removal Act of 1830 The idea that the Unites States had the right and duty to rule North America from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean Indian Removal Act of 1830 Trail of Tears 800 mile journey on foot ¼ of the Cherokee died on the way

Americans Move West Texas Joins the United States 1845 – Texas is annexed by the United States Mexico – still claiming Texas – Sees this as an act of war After Mexican independence from Spain Americans begin to settle in Mexico Once there, settlers became up happy with Mexico’s rule 1836 – Texas right and win their independence

Americans Move West War with Mexico Mexican-American War May 1846 – Feb 1848 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo California Large part of the Southwest Gadsden Purchase Settled boarder with the US – Mexico 29,640-square-mile $10,000,000

Civil War Tests Democracy North and South Northern Economy More diverse Factories Farms Southern Economy Less diverse Mostly farms Cash crops Slave based Northern population Wanted slavery outlawed in the west Morally wrong Southern population Saw slavery as economically necessary Fertile soil in the west for cash crops

Civil War Tests Democracy Civil War Breaks Outs Abraham Lincoln Promised to stop the spread of slavery Secede With draw from the union Confederate States of America American Civil War Fort Sumter, South Carolina 1861-1865

Civil War Tests Democracy Abolition of Slavery Reconstruction Emancipation Proclamation Declared all slaves in Confederate states to be free Did nothing as first, but was symbolic The war was against slavery Kept Europeans out of the war As the Northern army advanced they freed slaves in the surrounding areas 13th Amendment Abolished slavery in the United States 14th Amendment Citizenship to all former slaves 1865-1876 Union troops occupied the south to enforce constitutional amendments Jim Crow Laws Laws making it nearly impossible for African-Americans to vote Segregation Laws Laws separating African-Americans from whites

The Postwar Economy 1870s 1914 2,000 immigrants a day Immigration The Railroads 1870s 2,000 immigrants a day 1914 20,000,000 people had moved to the United States from Europe and Asia Transcontinental Railroad – 1869 1900 – 200,000 miles of track Would help the United States become the world leader in many production industries

Why was the Cherokee journey called the Trail of Tears? ____________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________

How was the effect of the Mexican-American War greater than its cause How was the effect of the Mexican-American War greater than its cause? What did we set out to do? What did we gain? ____________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________

Why did Southerners feel threatened by Lincoln? ____________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________

How might the Irish Potato Famine have effected U.S. industrialization? ____________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________