Texas and the Mexican American War Period 5.1

Tyler’s Troubles Veto's- Fiscal Bank bill, Fiscal Corp bill Passes- Tariff of 1842- 32%-did not want the tariff, but needed the revenue Problems with Britian- The Caroline- Canada Rebelling- US ship burned States Barrowing from Brits- No National Bank- Brits- Trashing the US- Travel Books The Creole- Political Asylum to American Slaves Dispute over Maine- Aroostook War- 1842- Webster Ashburton Treaty- Minnesota- Iron Dispute over Texas (looking to sign treaty with texas) and Oregon- Fixed by Polk

Texas and Expansion Mexico win their Independence in 1821 Invited Moses Austin into the Territory Brings 300 families and slaves Mexico wants them the free slaves, covert to Catholicism, pay taxes to Mexico Steve Austin (Moses Son) jailed by Antonio Santa Anna for 8 months- leads to conflict Things come to blows at the Alamo- Davey Crocket and Jim Bowie Killed Texas Wins Independence in 1836 Wants to Join the US- North wont allow it- Conscious Whigs (faction)

Polk Election: 1844: Polk v Clay “Who is James K Polk” Texas became the Issue- Clay gets confused Clay loses due to New York and Conscious Whigs, Liberty Party, Free Soil Party 4 Points: Restoration of independent Treasury (Divorce Bill) Walker Tariff-1846- 25% Acquisition of California Settlement of Oregon Dispute (54, 40)

54 40 or fight and California Polk Willing to fight for the territory, but Brits not, sign the Buchanan-Packenham Treaty (1846)- completes the Northern Boarder. Polk Sends John Slidell to Mexico City to buy California for 25 million Mexico says no=Angry about annexation Boarder dispute with Texas- Nueces River vs Rio Grande Zachary Taylor sent to provoke war Mexican Troops attack

Declaration of War- Happ Time!!! “The Mexican forces at Matamoras assumed a belligerent attitude, and on the 12th of April General Ampudia, then in command, notified General Taylor to break up his camp within twenty-four hours and to retire beyond the Nueces River, and in the event of his failure to comply with these demands announced that arms, and arms alone, must decide the question. But no open act of hostility was committed until the 24th of April. On that day General Arista, who had succeeded to the command of the Mexican forces, communicated to General Taylor that "he considered hostilities commenced and should prosecute them." A party of dragoons of 63 men and officers were on the same day dispatched from the American camp up the Rio del Norte, on its left bank, to ascertain whether the Mexican troops had crossed or were preparing to cross the river, "became engaged with a large body of these troops, and after a short affair, in which some 16 were killed and wounded, appear to have been surrounded and compelled to surrender…” As war exists, and, notwithstanding all our efforts to avoid it, exists by the act of Mexico herself, we are called upon by every consideration of duty and patriotism to vindicate with decision the honor, the rights, and the interests of our country. . . . In further vindication of our rights and defense of our territory, I invoke the prompt action of Congress to recognize the existence of the war, and to place at the disposition of the Executive the means of prosecuting the war with vigor, and thus hastening the restoration of peace. . . .

Spot Resolutions- HAPP time

Mexican American War

Mexican American War Steven Kearney  Santé Fe John C Fremont  Bear Flag Republic Zachary Taylor Buena Vista Winfield Scott Mexico City- End of War Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo- 1848 (war lasts 2 years) Mexico Must accept the Rio Grand as boarder US Earns 50% of Mexico (Mexican Cession) US pays- 15 million to Mexico for Califorina US pays 3.25 million to American Citizens

Legacies of the Mexican American War US grows by 1/3 including Texas Practice for the Civil War Trains Robert E Lee, Grant to be Generals Produces political leaders Lincoln and Tylor Sours relationship with Mexico Wilmot Proviso- 1846 Placed in an appropriations bill attempting to outlaw slavery in newly acquired territory **Not passed**- Splits Parties- not a party issue a North vs South Issue