Objectives To learn how dimensional analysis can be used to solve problems To learn the three temperature scales To learn to convert from one temperature.

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Presentation transcript:

Objectives To learn how dimensional analysis can be used to solve problems To learn the three temperature scales To learn to convert from one temperature scale to another To practice using problem solving techniques To define density and its units

A. Tools for Problem Solving Be systematic Ask yourself these questions Where do we want to go? What do we know? How do we get there? Does it make sense?

A. Tools for Problem Solving Converting Units of Measurement We can convert from one system of units to another by a method called dimensional analysis using conversion factors. Unit1  conversion factor = Unit2

A. Tools for Problem Solving Converting Units of Measurement Conversion factors are built from an equivalence statement which shows the relationship between the units in different systems. Conversion factors are ratios of the two parts of the equivalence statement that relate the two units.

A. Tools for Problem Solving Converting Units of Measure 2.85 cm = ? in. 2.85 cm  conversion factor = ? in. Equivalence statement 2.54 cm = 1 in. Possible conversion factors Does this answer make sense?

A. Tools for Problem Solving Tools for Converting from One Unit to Another Step 1 Find an equivalence statement that relates the 2 units. Step 2 Choose the conversion factor by looking at the direction of the required change (cancel the unwanted units). Step 3 Multiply the original quantity by the conversion factor. Step 4 Make sure you have the correct number of significant figures.

B. Temperature Conversions There are three commonly used temperature scales, Fahrenheit, Celsius and Kelvin.

B. Temperature Conversions Converting Between the Kelvin and Celsius Scales Note that The temperature unit is the same size. The zero points are different. To convert from Celsius to Kelvin we need to adjust for the difference in zero points.

B. Temperature Conversions Converting Between the Kelvin and Celsius Scales 70. oC = ? K TC + 273 = TK 70. + 273 = 343 K

B. Temperature Conversions Converting Between the Fahrenheit and Celsius Scales Note The different size units The different zero points To convert between Fahrenheit and Celsius we need to make 2 adjustments.

C. Density Density is the amount of matter present in a given volume of substance.

C. Density