CANADIAN WILDFIRES: JUNE 9--?, 2015

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Presentation transcript:

CANADIAN WILDFIRES: JUNE 9--?, 2015 Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA lecture by Walter Hays Uploading date: June 11, 2015 More lectures at Disasters Supercourse - http://www.pitt.edu/~super1/collections/collection52.htm PPT original - http://www.pitt.edu/~super7/53011-54001/53501.ppt URL: http://www.pitt.edu/~super1/lecture/lec53501/index.htm

Natural Phenomena that Cause Disasters Planet Earth’s atmospheric-lithospheric interactions cause: Wildfires

WILDFIRES are conflagrations caused by lightning discharges (and acts of man) in wilderness areas close enough to one or more urban interfaces that they threaten people, property, infrastructure, and business enterprise.

THE WILDERNESS AREAS typically contain national forests, national parks, or resorts and the adjacent urban areas typically contain large, expensive homes.

LIGHTNING: A DANGEROUS AND UNPREDICTABLE GLOBAL NATURAL HAZARD

LIGHTNING Every year, the Earth experiences an average of 25 million lightning strikes during some 100,000 thunderstorms.

LIGHTNING That means: some one or something somewhere in the world are at risk every second from more than 100 lightning bolts.

SCIENCE OF WILDFIRES

negative charge in the cloud - - - THE PHYSICS cumulonimbus clouds negative charge in the cloud - - - - - - creates positive charge on ground LIGHTNING air to ground elect-rical circuit - - - - - - creates a bolt of lightning reaching - - - DISASTER LABORATORIES - - -50,000 degrees F traveling at 100+ kph

CANADIAN WILDFIRE: JUNE 9--?, 2015

CANADIAN WILDFIRES

The fires are burning from Canada's central province of Manitoba to its Northwest Territory.

Fifty active wildfires were burning in Saskatchewan, west of Manitoba, on Tuesday alone

Saskatchewan has seen 347 active wildfires, almost three times the amount seen by this time last year.

WILDFIRE HAZARDS

WILDFIRE HAZARDS (AKA POTENTIAL DISASTER AGENTS) HOT GASES AND SMOKE HOT SPOTS BURNED OUT SLOPES (with increased susceptibility to insect infestation, erosion, and landslides)

Northwest winds aloft spread the Canadian smoke plumes as far south and east as the Ohio Valley by Tuesday morning, then into the Appalachians and Mid-Atlantic states

WILDFIRE EXACEBATORS (AKA POTENTIAL DISASTER AGENTS) SUNDOWNER WINDS SANTA ANNA WINDS LOCAL CHANGES IN AIR QUALITY LOCAL CHANGES IN WEATHER

PROXIMITY OF URBAN AREA TO THE WILDLAND FIRE CAUSES OF DAMAGE LIGHTNING STRIKES MANMADE FIRES PROXIMITY OF URBAN AREA TO THE WILDLAND FIRE WILDFIRES WIND SPEED AND DIRECTION (DAY/NIGHT) DRYNESS DISASTER LABORATORIES HIGH TEMPERATURES LOCAL FUEL SUPPLY

KNOWLEDGE - Perspectives BOOK OF KNOWLEDGE - Perspectives On Science, Policy, And Change

BOOKS OF KNOWLEDGE Are “TOOLS” that decisionmakers can use to facilitate the minimization of the likely impacts of wildfires through public policies and professional educational programs.

WILDFIRE DISASTER RISK REDUCTION HAZARD MAPS INVENTORY VULNERABILITY LOCATION RISK ASSESSMENT ACCEPTABLE RISK UNACCEPTABLE RISK RISK WILDFIRE DISASTER RISK REDUCTION DATA BASES AND INFORMATION COMMUNITY PREVENTION/MITIGATION PREPAREDNESS EMERGENCY RESPONSE RECOVERY and RECONSTRUCTION POLICY OPTIONS HAZARDS: GROUND SHAKING GROUND FAILURE SURFACE FAULTING TECTONIC DEFORMATION TSUNAMI RUN UP AFTERSHOCKS