Topic: East Asia: The Mongols Aim: How did The Mongol Empire become the dominant force in Asia?

Do now: Turn and talk to the person next to you. Discuss and write down 3 observations you noticed about the photo.

Yuan Dynasty DON’T COPY!! It was established by Kublai Khan. (1271-1368) They defeated the Song Dynasty and Genghis Khan gained control of all China in 1279. For the first time in Chinese history, China was under complete foreign rule. They were the first to use paper money. Islam was the common religion. After the death of Kublai Khan, the Yuan Dynasty slowly began their downfall until 1368 when it was overthrown by Zhu Yuanzhong. DON’T COPY!!

Genghis Khan Genghis Khan created the largest land empire in history. He was the most powerful and feared conquerors of all time. After uniting the nomadic tribes of the Mongolian plateau he conquered most of Central Asia and China. His offspring expanded the Empire even farther, Poland, Vietnam, Syria and Korea. Many people were killed in his invasions but he granted religious freedom, abolished torture and encouraged trade. Genghis Khan died in 1227 during a military campaign against the Chinese Kingdom.

The Mongols The Mongols were a nomadic group in East Asia. They extended from the Yuan Dynasty, which started in China. Their ruler was Genghis Khan in 1206. They used military force to conquer lands. For instance, one of the successful tactics was to wipe out any urban lands that didn’t chose to surrender. They destroyed cities, though the people were spare and treated leniently. The Silk Road was the lifeline of the empire. Spices, pearls, cotton, and lapis lazuli (a blue gem). Kublai Khan was the main figure that expanded the Mongol Empire.

Marco Polo Marco Polo was a Vietnamese merchant that is believed to have travelled across Asia. the Silk Road. Upon reaching China, Marco Polo entered the court of powerful Mongol ruler Khubilai Khan, who dispatched him on trips to help administer the realm Because of the re-conquest of Constantinople, Niccolò and Maffeo therefore turned east in order to trade in such things as silk, gems, furs and spices. Khan, who generally relied on foreigners to administer his empire, took Marco Polo into his court, possibly as a tax collector. At one point, the Venetian was sent on official business to the port city of Hangzhou which was built around a series of canals. Marco Polo also purportedly journeyed across inland China and into present-day Myanmar. “After many years of seeking a release from service from Khu, the Polos finally secured permission from Khubilai to escort a young princess to her intended husband Arghun, the Mongol ruler of Persia.”

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hB-ltNasHVw https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OXfgvcJ5T8E What significance does this video have

Achievements They made the biggest empire the world has ever seen. They spread the language of Chagatai Brought political stability and re-established the Silk Road. Marco Polo described Khubilai Khan and his palaces, along with paper money, coal, postal service, eyeglasses and other innovations that had not yet appeared in Europe. In his notes, he told partially erroneous self-aggrandizing (self-promoting) tales about warfare, commerce, geography, court intrigues and the sexual practices of the people who lived under Mongol rule.

More Advancements During the Yuan Dynasty, they created calendars, painting of nature, and the compass. They built sidewalks. They unified large regions, some of which are still unified today. Such as, eastern and western Russia, and the western part of China.

Mongol invasion timeline 3rd century BC - iron weapons in use,xingu invasion of china repulsed 2nd-1st centuries BC - nomads expand west,pressure on china continues 1st-2d centuries AD-renewed attacks on china 1220-26- southwest asia conquered,invasions of europe and china 1227-chinggis dies 1231- korea invaded 1235- capital rebuilt at karakorum 1279- yuan dynasty established in china 1368- yuan dynasty destroyed,mongol driven back to mongolia 1400-54 - civil war ends mongol unity 1409-49 -renewed mongol invasion of china 1466- dayan khan reunites most of mongolia 1571-mongols end 300 war with china

Learning objectives: Learning about who the Mongol’s where Identify the Mongol’s strategies Understanding the growth of the Mongol Empire Analyzing their accomplishments