US Foreign Policy, Imperialism, and the Spanish-American War

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Presentation transcript:

US Foreign Policy, Imperialism, and the Spanish-American War Lead Up to World War I US Foreign Policy, Imperialism, and the Spanish-American War

US Foreign Policy Foreign Policy: the set of goals, principles, and practices that guides a nation in its relations with other countries US Foreign Policy in 1800’s guided by 2 goals 1) keep the US free of conflict and messy involvement with other nations 2) expand the US across the N. American continent

US Foreign Policy US Foreign Policy is a blend of realism and idealism Realism = national self interest (what’s best for the US?) Idealism = promote America’s ideals (democracy, rights, liberty)

US Foreign Policy Washington’s Farewell Address (1796) “It is our true policy to steer clear of permanent alliances with any portion of the foreign world” Neutrality in foreign wars Unilateralism = operating without military or political alliances with other nations http://www.history.com/topics/war-of- 1812/videos/americans-and-british-face-off-in- war-of-1812

US Foreign Policy The Monroe Doctrine President James Monroe Warning to Europe that any attempt to colonize any part of the Western Hemisphere (the Americas) would be considered a hostile act

US Foreign Policy Continental expansion through diplomacy Diplomacy = negotiations with other countries Louisiana Territory from France (Jefferson, 1803) Florida from Spain (Monroe, 1819) Oregon Territory from Britain (Polk, 1846) Alaska from Russia (Johnson, 1867) Texas/SW Territory from Mexico (Polk, 1848)

US Foreign Policy Late 1800’s: US starts looking overseas for territory Claimed islands in Pacific Ocean for military and shipping purposes

Spanish-American War (1898) Cuba had been a Spanish colony since 1492 Late 1800’s Cubans revolt against Spanish rule Many Cubans were imprisoned Americans sympathized with Cubans American Revolution Americans owned sugar plantations in Cuba and were worried about their investment

Spanish American War (1898) Causes of Spanish-American War 1) Cuban revolution 2) Humanitarian concerns 3) “Yellow Journalism” 4) US Imperialism 5) de Lome letter 6) sinking of USS Maine April, 1898: Congress declares war on Spain Lasted 4 months  major victory for US in 1st overseas war  US is a world power

Spanish-American War (1898) Guam, Puerto Rico, and Philippines became US possessions US is now a colonial empire Debate in Senate about US imperialism imperialism = empire building US remained in Cuba for 4 years to help recovery Withdrew after Cuba agreed to change their Constitution to protect American interests US allowed to intervene in Cuban affairs and set up military bases (Guantanamo Bay) This set the stage for a shift in US foreign policy Spanish-American War (1898)