The Stone Ages Section 2 – Early Human Migration Chapter 2 Section 2 – Early Human Migration Section 3 – Beginnings of Agriculture

Section Focus People moved out of Africa as the Earth’s climates changed. People adapted to new environments by making clothing and new types of tools. Human existence was beginning to change.

Out of Africa About 2 million years ago humans migrated from Africa to Asia and Europe. Then about 1.6 million years ago the Ice Ages began. Areas that were underwater became land bridges.

Out of Africa Allowed people to migrate, or move, to new places. Early people migrated around the world. Humans began to migrate to South Asia and the Americas.

Out of Africa

Adapting to Environments New regions brought new problems. People learned to: sew animal skins for clothing. create shelters. start fires. Created new tools such as hooks, the bow and arrow, canoes, and pottery.

Adapting to Environments

The First Farmers The first farmers learned to grow plants and raise animals in the Stone Age. Farming changed societies and the way people lived. When people learned to farm and create better tools the Paleolithic turned into the Neolithic Age.

The First Farmers The domestication of plants led to the development of agriculture, or farming. Hunting was unnecessary once they learned how to keep and use animals. Learning to use animals increased people’s chances of surviving.

Farming Changes Society Domestication allowed people to stay in one place. People could focus on activities rather than finding food. *Specialization of jobs began.*

Farming Changes Society Population increased and organized government began. Farming communities grew into towns, which led to civilization.

Farming Changes Society 4 main areas became known as the River Valley Civilizations Mesopotamia Egypt India China Completely dependent on rivers and other natural resources. Established life as we know it today.

Farming Changes Society