Earth, Moon & Sun Seasons & Tides

Essential Standards 6.E.1Understand the earth/moon/sun system, and the properties, structures and predictable motions of celestial bodies in the Universe.

Clarifying Objectives 6.E.1.1 Explain how the relative motion and relative position of the sun, Earth and moon affect the seasons, tides, phases of the moon, and eclipses.

Essential Questions Why do we have seasons? How does gravitational pull & location of the sun, moon & Earth affect the ocean tides?

Earth’s Seasons The Earth has 4 seasons Summer Winter Autumn Spring THE EARTH HAS SEASONS BECAUSE OF ITS TILT ON ITS AXIS The Earth is tilted at 23.5 degrees

Northern Hemisphere vs. Southern Hemisphere Northern Hemisphere is the part of the Earth that is above the Equator The Southern Hemisphere is the part of the Earth that is below the Equator

Northern Hemisphere vs. Southern Hemisphere The closer you are to the Equator the less you will see season changes The farther you are (North & South Pole) the more you will notice season changes

Seasons are Opposite Seasons are opposites in the Northern & Southern Hemispheres The opposite seasons are Summer/ Spring/Autumn (Fall)

Direct Sunlight vs. Indirect Sunlight When a place on the Earth is receiving DIRECT SUNLIGHT it will be warmer meaning it will be SUMMER When a place on the Earth is receiving INDIRECT SUNLIGHT it will be colder meaning it will be WINTER http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pgq0LThW7QA 3:16-4:50

Seasons are Opposite For example if it is summer above the equator (Northern Hemisphere) it will be winter below the equator (Southern Hemisphere) Another example Autumn (Fall) above the equator/Spring below the equator

Why Do We Have Seasons Seasons exist because EARTH IS TILTED on it’s AXIS The TILT on the Earth’s AXIS allows different parts of the Earth to receive more DIRECT sunlight This allows the sun to hit at DIFFERENT ANGLES of the WORLD http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3eFqZWX8nTo 0:00-2:00

Seasons Model http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=85jkZE2_oNg http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pgq0LThW7QA 2:03-

Essential Question?? Get with a partner or group and answer… Why do we have seasons?

Earth’s Tides A TIDE is a rising and falling of the sea that happens 2 times per day There are 2 types of tides High Tide Low Tide http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OP0cpXpw8yk

Location of the Moon & Earth Tides depend on the location of the moon & Earth When the moon is directly over North America it will have High Tide When the moon is directly on the opposite side of North America it will be low tide

High Tide High tide happens twice a day It happens when the moon is directly above that spot on the earth It also happens when the moon is directly below that spot on the earth http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ead8d9wVDTQ

Low Tide Low tide happens twice a day It happens when the spot being observed is at right angles to the moon http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ead8d9wVDTQ

What Causes Tides? Tides are caused by Moons Gravitational Force Inertial Force

Gravitational Force Pulls Gravitational pull from the Moon causes water to rise above the land mass This is called an ordinary High Tide http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ojPpxAT7Bh4 1:18-1:57

Inertial Force Inertial Force causes the second high tide on the back side of the moon This is called a Counter High Tide http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ojPpxAT7Bh4 1:18-1:57

Essential Question Please get with a partner and answer…. How does gravitational pull & location of the sun, moon & Earth affect the ocean tides?

EOG Questions Why does Earth have different seasons? A) because of the distance between Earth and the sun B) because of the speed of Earth as it rotates on its axis C) because of the amount of light blocked by the moon on its axis D) because of the tilt of Earth on its axis as it moves around the sun

Important Points Seasons occur because the Earth is TILTED on it’s AXIS Seasons are opposite from North to South of the equator Tides are when the ocean rises and falls High Tide & Low Tide happens 2 times per day each Ordinary Tides happen because of the Gravitational Force of the moon Counter High Tides happen because of Inertial Force If a tide is not in High tide it is in Low Tide Tides depend on the position of the MOON & EARTH