Bell ringer 1 on page 91 The diagram below shows the flow of carbon in a terrestrial ecosystem.  Which will most likely happen if the decomposers are removed from the carbon cycle?  The amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere will increase. The amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere will decrease. The amount of carbon dioxide used by producers will increase. The amount of carbon dioxide needed by consumers will decrease.

Bellringer 2 In a process called transpiration, plants get rid of excess water through pores in the leaves called stomata. This excess water is then released into the atmosphere as part of the water cycle. Which of the following terms best describes how the released water enters the atmosphere? A. condensation B. precipitation C. evaporation D. capillary action

Biogeochemical Cycles SC.912.E.7.1 Analyze the movement of matter and energy through the different biogeochemical cycles, including water and carbon. Essential Question: How does the movement of matter and energy through biological systems impact you?

Energy flows through… producers (plants) sun secondary consumers (carnivores) loss of energy sun loss of energy primary consumers (herbivores) Use this slide to review the flow of energy and the 10% rule. Allow students to tell you what they remember. (activate prior knowledge) loss of energy producers (plants)

But what about nutrients? decomposers Energy flows through but nutrients cycle nutrients must be recycled to be available for the next generation decomposers return nutrients to the soil after creatures die fungi bacteria

Nutrients cycle around… through decomposers consumers decomposers producers Talking points: Producers get nutrients from the soil When producers die decomposers break them down and redeposit them into the soil When producers are eaten by consumers the nutrients are transferred to the consumers When consumers die they are broken down by decomposers and their nutrients are re-deposited into the soil. We will focus only the cycling of carbon and water. The other nutrient are present in the slide to indicate to students that nutrients other then carbon cycle but are not addressed by the item specifications. Also use this slide to reinforce food webs. phosphorus potassium iron carbon nitrogen soil magnesium calcium

Energy flows Nutrients cycle loss of energy sun secondary consumers (carnivores) decomposers loss of energy primary consumers (herbivores) Talking points: Energy flow and nutrient cycling co-exist/ happen simultaneously. loss of energy producers (plants) 2006-2007 soil soil

Water Cycle The movement of water from the ground to the atmosphere and back again Water gets to the atmosphere by: Evaporation – heat from the sun Transpiration – movement of water through a plants Sublimation – snow and ice converting to water vapor Water leaves the atmosphere by: Condensation - water vapor in the air is changed into liquid water (formation of clouds) Precipitation - water released from clouds in the form of rain, freezing rain, sleet, snow, or hail.

Water cycle Solar energy Transpiration Evaporation Precipitation abiotic reservoir: surface & atmospheric water enter food chain: precipitation & plant uptake recycle: transpiration return to abiotic: evaporation & runoff Water cycle Solar energy Transpiration Water vapor Evaporation Precipitation Oceans Review meaning of words; aquifer, biotic, abiotic, and reservoir. The goal is to probe the students for prior knowledge allow them to generate the meaning of the words and how they relate to the water cycle. Runoff Lakes Percolation in soil Aquifer Groundwater

Transpiration Review Remember transpiration? Review Xylem, Phloem, stomata, photosynthesis, cohesion/adhesion. The goal is to probe the students for prior knowledge allow them to generate the meaning of the words and how they relate to transpiration.

Disruptions in the Water Cycle Think and Discuss Disruptions in the Water Cycle Describe how the following impact the water cycle: Destruction of forests Pollution of lakes and streams Fertilizing and runoff Increased temperatures How could changes in the water cycle impact YOU? Why would we need government policy to limit human impact on the water cycle? Describe policies (laws/rules) related to the water cycle you may know about. Make sure that the students understand that a disruption in the cycle effect the entire cycle not just the portion that is directly effecting.

Carbon Cycle Carbon is present in the atmosphere as Carbon Dioxide: Volcanic activity Respiration Deforestation Burning fossil fuels Decomposition of organic material. Plants, producers, remove CO2 from the atmosphere for photosynthesis and release O2 Convert solar energy into chemical energy Animals, consumers, remove O2 from the atmosphere for cellular respiration and release CO2 Convert chemical energy in plants to usable energy Make sure that the students understand that a disruption in the cycle effect the entire cycle not just the portion that is directly effecting.

Carbon cycle abiotic reservoir: CO2 in atmosphere enter food chain: photosynthesis = carbon fixation in Calvin cycle return to abiotic: Cellular respiration combustion Carbon cycle CO2 in atmosphere Diffusion Respiration Photosynthesis Plants and algae Plants Animals Industry and home Combustion of fuels Carbonates in sediment Bicarbonates Deposition of dead material Deposition of dead material Fossil fuels (oil, gas, coal) Dissolved CO2 Review meaning of words; aquifer, biotic, abiotic, and reservoir. The goal is to probe the students for prior knowledge allow them to generate the meaning of the words and how they relate to the carbon cycle.

Disruptions in the Carbon Cycle Think and Discuss Disruptions in the Carbon Cycle Describe how the following impact the carbon cycle: Destruction of forests Burning of fossil fuels Increased emissions in factories and automobiles Removal of decomposers How could changes in the carbon cycle impact YOU? Why would we need government policy to limit human impact on the water cycle? Describe policies (laws/rules) related to the water cycle you may know about. Make sure that the students understand that a disruption in the cycle effect the entire cycle not just the portion that is directly effecting.

Generalized Nutrient cycling consumers consumers consumers producers decomposers decomposers nutrients ENTER FOOD CHAIN = made available to producers nutrients made available to producers return to abiotic reservoir Decomposition connects all trophic levels This is just an additional diagram to help students observe the cycling of nutrients. abiotic reservoir abiotic reservoir geologic processes geologic processes

Ecosystem inputs nutrients cycle inputs energy nutrients biosphere energy flows through constant input of energy nutrients cycle Matter cannot be created or destroyed Don’t forget the laws of Physics! nutrients can only cycle inputs energy nutrients

We Do – Carbon Cycle Game Use the Carbon Cycle cards to create a carbon cycle on your desk/table. Draw arrows to represent the flow of carbon through the ecosystem. Check with Ms. Speers for accuracy of your cycle before moving on. Randomly read and select one of the scenario cards. As a group decide how the scenario would impact your carbon cycle immediately and long term. Record your answers on the student impact sheet. Adjust your carbon cycle based on how the scenario would impact the cycle. Check with Ms. Speers for accuracy. Complete at least 6 scenario cards.

Exit Ticket Complete silently and independently

Answer Bellringer 1 – Retry The diagram below shows the flow of carbon in a terrestrial ecosystem.  Which will most likely happen if the decomposers are removed from the carbon cycle?  The amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere will increase. The amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere will decrease. The amount of carbon dioxide used by producers will increase. The amount of carbon dioxide needed by consumers will decrease. Answer: B

Bellringer 2 – Retry Answer In a process called transpiration, plants get rid of excess water through pores in the leaves called stomata. This excess water is then released into the atmosphere as part of the water cycle. Which of the following terms best describes how the released water enters the atmosphere? A. condensation B. precipitation C. evaporation D. capillary action Answer: C

Exit Ticket #1 The framework of organic molecules essential to all organisms is composed mainly of carbon atoms. Which processes are involved in the cycling of carbon within an environment?  photosynthesis and respiration evaporation and condensation transcription and translation diffusion and transpiration Answer: A

Exit Ticket #2 A graph of atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration over time is shown below. Scientists are investigating the cause of the large increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration since about 1800. Which of the following provides the best explanation for the increase? eruptions of large volcanoes use of fossil fuels by humans natural fluctuations of climate photosynthesis by phytoplankton Answer: B

Exit Ticket #3 The diagram below shows part of the carbon cycle. If many trees are removed from a forest by logging, what is the most immediate effect on the carbon cycle in that forest? increase in the rates of decomposition increase in the rates of atmospheric carbon dioxide decreased combustion of fossil fuel increase production of organic compounds Answer: B