1 Plastics & the Environment

Agenda Plastics in our life Plastics replace wood, glass, paper & metal What is plastic? Why Plastics? Plastics & the Environment Plastics & Health 3 R Concept to manage plastic waste Plastic is fantastic

3 Plastics in our Life…..

4 A Silent Life Saver…

5 Plastics Going Beyond.. All modern day vehicles use more than 60% of Components made from plastic, to become more efficient & eco friendly

Healthy Packaging Always.. Many Plastic containers are now aseptically produced

Healthy Packaging Always.. Container CategoryContainer characteristicsExamples of system Thermoformed cups, tubs, trays High production rates, minimum storage space for incoming packaging materials, barrier properties vary Benco-Asepack, bosch- servac Preformed cups, tubs, trays, bottles Operation flexibility, container quality may be checker/approved in advance Gasti, Hamba, Ampack- Ammann, remy Blow molded BottlesSterile as made, minimum storage space for incoming packaging materials, package design versatility Automatic Liquid packaging, Rommellag, Holopack, sidel Pouches, sachetsLow cost, simple equipment.Asepak, Impaco, berto, Thimmonier Aseptic processing is the process by which a sterile product packaged in a sterile container in a way that maintains sterility.

8 Plastics Replace…. Wood…….. Paper…… Glass……… Metal……..

Plastics Replace Wood..

PLASTICS REPLACE GLASS Plastics Replace Glass..

Plastics Replace Paper..

PLASTICS REPLACE METAL Plastics Replace Metal..

The word plastic is derived from the Greek word πλαστικός (plastikos) meaning capable of being shaped or molded Plastics.. More Information

Oil and natural gas are the major raw materials used to manufacture plastics. Oil and natural gas are the major raw materials used to manufacture plastics. The plastics production process often begins by treating components of crude oil or natural gas in a "cracking process. The plastics production process often begins by treating components of crude oil or natural gas in a "cracking process. This process results in the conversion of these components into hydrocarbon monomers such as ethylene and propylene. This process results in the conversion of these components into hydrocarbon monomers such as ethylene and propylene. Further processing leads to a wider range of monomers such as styrene, vinyl chloride, ethylene glycol, terephthalic acid and many others. Further processing leads to a wider range of monomers such as styrene, vinyl chloride, ethylene glycol, terephthalic acid and many others. These monomers are then chemically bonded into chains called polymers. These monomers are then chemically bonded into chains called polymers. The different combinations of monomers yield plastics with a wide range of properties and characteristics. The different combinations of monomers yield plastics with a wide range of properties and characteristics. How to Make Plastics..

"Thermo Plastics" are like a "chocolate". "Thermo Plastics" are like a "chocolate". They can be melted at the moment of heating again and again. They can be melted at the moment of heating again and again. "Thermoset Plastics" are like a "biscuit". "Thermoset Plastics" are like a "biscuit". They can be melted at the moment of heating once and for all. They can be melted at the moment of heating once and for all. Two Main Groups of Plastics..

Thermoplastics.. Acrylic (Perspex) Acrylo-nitrile (Nylon) Polyethylene (Polythene) Polypropylene Poly Vinyl Acetate (PVA) Poly Vinyl Chloride (PVC) Polystyrene and ABS PTFE (Teflon)

Bakelite Epoxy Melamine Polyester Polyurethane Thermo Set Plastics..

Major Plastic Types….. Low Density Polyethylene provides toughness, flexibility and transparency. High Density Polyethylene provides excellent moisture barrier properties and chemical resistance Polypropylene has excellent chemical resistance and is commonly used in packaging. Polyethylene Terephthalate is clear, tough and has good gas and moisture barrier properties. Polystyrene (PS) is a versatile plastic that can be rigid or foamed. General purpose polystyrene is clear, hard and brittle. There are many other plastics beyond the most common ones described above, for example nylon, ABS copolymers, polyurethanes, and polymethyl methacrylate. Polyvinyl Chloride has excellent transparency, chemical resistance, long term stability, good weatherability and stable electrical properties. PP HDPE PETE PS PVC Other LDPE

Distinct Characteristics of Plastics.. Attractive Hygienic Flexible Cheap Light Weight Chemical Resistance Attractive Slippery Tough Thermal and Electrical Insulators

World Plastics Consumption Long Term Graph shows the rates of past and future plastics growth.

21 Plastics & the Environment…. Plastics are Durable & Degrade Very Slowly…

Solutions.. Bio Plastics Oxo- Degradable Plastics Biodegradable Plastics

Bio Plastics Solutions..

Oxo-Degradable Plastics Biode gratio n Solutions..

Bio Degradable Plastics Hydro Degradation Solutions..

Degradability of Commonly Used Products.. Glass takes 1Million years Glass takes 1Million years Plastic takes Hundreds or Thousands of years Plastic takes Hundreds or Thousands of years Cement does not degrade Cement does not degrade

27 IF PLASTICS DEGRADE What Happen If Plastics Degrade Fast..

28 Plastics only use 4% of Scarce Oil Resources..

29 Plastics & Health… Burning plastic Toxic additives Human Carcinogens Bisphenol A

30 Plastics & Health.. Burning plastic can release toxic fumes. Burning the plastic polyvinyl chloride (PVC) may create dioxin. Plastics often contain a variety of toxic additives. For example, plasticizers like adipates and phthalates are often added to brittle plastics like polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Traces of these chemicals can leach out of the plastic when it comes into contact with food. Some compounds leaching from polystyrene food containers have been found to interfere with hormone functions and are suspected human carcinogens. The World Health Organization's International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has recognized the chemical used to make PVC, vinyl chloride, as a known human carcinogen.

31 Safe To Use Plastics.. Below Plastic food packages do not contain BPA or phthalates. They are not known to leach any chemicals that are suspected of causing cancer or disrupting hormones. They are safe to use. Poly Ethylene Terephthalate (PET or PETE) Soft drink, water, sports drink, ketchup, and salad dressing bottles, and peanut butter, pickle, jelly and jam jars. Low Density Poly Ethylene (LDPE) Some bread and frozen food bags, many re-sealable (Ziploc) bags, and squeezable bottles. Poly Propylene (PP) Some ketchup bottles and yogurt and margarine tubs. High Density Poly Ethylene (HDPE) Milk, water & juice bottles, yogurt & margarine tubs, cereal box liners & grocery, trash & retail bags

BPA is used to make polycarbonate plastic and epoxy resins, along with other applications & it is an estrogen-like endocrine disruptor that may leach into food. BPA BPA from polycarbonate products in contact with foods and beverages is very low and poses no known risk to human health. Baby Bottles-Migration of BPA from baby bottles when detected was less than 5 parts per billion Water bottles parts per billion from water bottles BPA..

33 Manage the Plastic Waste ……… R educe Activities to reduce the amount of material in products." R euse "Design for service" differs sharply from "design for disposal. R ecycle Recovering scrap or waste plastic and reprocessing the material into useful plastics

34 Reduce …. Thin Wall Plastic Products

35 Reuse ….

36 Recycle ….

54% of recycled PET finds a market in the manufacture of fiber (carpet and clothing). Other large markets for recycled PET are strapping (15%) and new containers (21%, for food and non-food). PET can be converted into PolyButylene Terephthalate (PBT) resin, which can be a valuable material for injection and blow moulding applications. Markets for Recycled Plastics..

43% of recycled HDPE bottles go into making new bottles. The plastic pipe industry consumes 22% of the recycled HDPE. Other strong markets for HDPE are for lawn and garden products and a variety of injection molding products. The white plastic foam peanuts used as packing material are often accepted by shipping stores for reuse. Plastic films can be recycled into useful household products such as buckets. Similarly, agricultural plastics such as mulch film, drip tape and silage bags can be recycled into much larger products for industrial applications such as plastic composite railroad ties.. Markets for Recycled Plastics Cntd..

39 PLASTIC RECYCLE PROCESS Recovering scrap or waste plastic and reprocessing the material into useful plastics Collecting recyclable plastic waste. Categorizing the recyclable plastic waste Processing the categorized plastic waste, accordingly into various raw materials Manufacturing of new products from these raw materials.. Recycling Process..

Recycling Different Types of Plastics..

saves twice as much energy as burning it in an incinerator. Recycling a single plastic bottle can conserve enough energy to light a 60W light bulb for up to 6 hours Recycling 1 ton of plastic bottles save 1.5 ton of carbon as producing new bottles using oil Recycling 1 ton of plastic saves 2 peoples energy use for 1 year as producing new plastic The amount of water used by 1 person in 2 months time as producing new plastic using oil What Recycling Saves for Us..

Uses 66 percent of the energy it would take to manufacture new glass Only requiring 10 percent of the energy it takes to produce new plastic. Energy used to recycle paper is close to 70% less than when paper is prepared using virgin wood and other raw material Recycle Plastics/ Glass/ Paper..

Paper can not continually be recycled- statistics shows it can be recycled around 8 times It wants a 15-year- old tree to produce 700 paper grocery bags Making plastic grocery bags takes 20 to 40 percent less energy than making the same amount of paper bags Recycle Plastics/Paper..

If used right- Plastic can be one of our most sustainable materials 44

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