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Presentation transcript:

This slide set is approved for use in D1NR. This document was released by the DSO-PE D1NR on 19 FEB 2017

Paddle Sports Safety Canoes, Kayaks, Rafting, Paddle boards Instructor Notes: Paddle sports continue to be the fastest growing segment of recreational boating, with more than 300,000 paddle crafts (canoes, kayaks and paddle boards) being sold annually. Paddle crafts are an extremely affordable entry point to recreational boating, which is attractive to new boaters, boaters downsizing from larger boats, and those interested in exploring their waterways. But too many people are not aware of potential dangers and do not adequately prepare Too many paddle sport deaths have occurred in recent years. Copyright 2017 - Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

Kayaker Death in Lake Kayak capsized in middle of lake Stafford, NH – November 2016 Kayak capsized in middle of lake High winds and extreme water conditions contributed to the drowning death of a 62-year-old woman 50 mph wind gusts 2 ½ foot swells Cold water Emergencies can unfold in seconds Instructor Notes: Here is one tragic recent example of a kayaker underestimating the wind and water conditions.

Paddle Sports Safety Canoes, Kayaks, Rafting, Paddle boards First District Coast Guard: 28 of 49 fatalities on paddle craft in 2016 75% of fatalities could have been prevented if a life jacket was worn! Instructor Notes: Note: First District CG includes ME, NH, VT, MA, RI, CT, NY, NJ. In contrast with other boating, paddle sport fatalities have been trending higher due partially to its growth in popularity, but also because of lack of awareness of precautions that should be taken to avoid putting yourself in harm’s way. These fatalities were typically due to not wearing a life jacket, not dressed for cold water, capsizing and falling overboard. Coast Guard now has a special focus on paddle sport safety.

Paddle Sports Safety Top Ten Practices Wear your lifejacket Beware of cold water Take an on-water course Know the Rules of the Road Check equipment prior for wear or failure Instructor Notes: Wear Your Lifejacket - Expect to capsize and swim occasionally when paddling a canoe, kayak, SUP or raft. 2. Cold Water and Hot weather Safety - Cold water is extremely dangerous! Remember the 120 rule – if air + water temp < 120 you need a wet suit. Heat stroke can be fatal. Learn the essentials of on-the-water temperatures and first aid. 3. Take an On-Water Skills Course - whether it's a safety or skill development course, an instructor-led on-water instruction course provides the information you need for canoeing, kayaking, stand up paddleboarding, rafting and/or safety & rescue. 4. Rules of the Road – Navigation Rules apply as do security zones and distance restrictions to US Navy vessels, power plants, etc. 5. Safety Check - Check to make sure all safety gear is onboard and functional prior to heading out every time.

Paddle Sports Safety Top Ten Practices Know practices, ethics, conduct Know your limits Learn and practice rescue skills Learn best practices Plan and prepare for trip in advance Instructor Notes: 6. Practices, Ethics and Conduct – know and obey rules; never litter; respect private property; be considerate to others on the water; never engage in lewd or inappropriate behavior; do not disturb wildlife. 7. Know Your Limits - Know your skill level and avoid weather or water conditions that exceed your skill. 8. Learn and Practice Essential Rescue Skills, e.g., how to get help; how to re-board if capsized. 9. Learn Best Practices: what to wear; essential gear; how to prepare; best safety practices on the water. 10. Trip Preparation and Planning – Know the water you are paddling. Be aware of tides and dangerous currents. Getting ready to schedule your next trip? Inform someone of your plans: could do my text or email. Better yet, file a Float Plan. This could be done using the CG APP.

Essential Paddling Gear Instructor Notes: This slide contains a video that automatically plays after the previous slide. A right arrow click will cause it to stop and move to next slide. Mention that this is a shortened version of what is available on line at the website shown on the next slide. Copyright 2005 - Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

Safer Paddling Videos at www.nasbla.org/SaferPaddling Basic Strokes Life Jackets What If I Flip Calling for Help What to Wear Instructor Notes: The video on the previous slide is a shortened version of one of eight videos available on line. The Safer Paddling Series is a collection of highly specialized paddle sports safety videos targeting new paddlers produced and distributed through manufacturer’s channels during the 2016 paddling season. Each one runs about three minutes. Episode 1: Lifejackets Episode 2: What To Wear Episode 3: Gear Essentials Episode 4: Basic Strokes Episode 5: Plan Your Trip Episode 6: Traffic Rules for Paddlers Episode 7: What If I Flip? Episode 8: Calling For Help Traffic Rules Essential Gear Trip Planning

Paddle Sports Safety Essential Gear Wear Lifejacket & whistle, hat/helmet, sunglasses, sunscreen, proper clothing and footwear Bring Spare paddle Water & snacks Dry bag Compass and chart Rescue gear PLB VHF radio Bailer or bilge pump First aid kit Insect repellant Tow line Knife Instructor Notes: Other equipment to consider bringing * Wear clothing designed for weather and water conditions—visible colors! * Use clothing and equipment (e.g., hats, sunblock, extra clothes) to reduce the risks of environmental problems such as hypothermia and sunburn * Bring adequate food, water, and extra clothing. Fill the bottle half way so it floats and is easy to see —full may be more difficult to see due to neutral buoyancy * Match extra gear (e.g., helmets, radios, flotation bags, spare paddles, navigation tools) to the paddler, the group, the environment and the desired activity * Carry appropriate rescue gear and learn how to use it. This includes PLB (Personal Locator Beacon). * Navigation lights, distress signals and sounds signals may be required. Check with your local state boating officials to find out what you need to carry with you. Every paddler should have a whistle attached to their lifejacket. * Printed pre-underway checklist * Pen or pencil * Notebook/logbook * Sponge and/or manual pump for dewatering * Other gear needed for safe operation and self-rescue of the particular type of paddle craft: e.g., paddle float, paddle leash, spray skirt *Bow line and/or stern line (“painter”) to tie up along a dock or ashore * Label or Nameplate affixed to interior of vessel, identifying Owner and "if found" phone numbers * In coastal waters, one waterproof VHF marine radio or portable VHF radio in clear plastic waterproof bag. * Watch, (waterproof) * Cell Phone in waterproof container as backup * Flashlight or Headlamp * Flotation foam or bags sufficient to permit self-rescue * GPS * Compass, hand-held or mounted * Rescue throw bag (smaller size for paddle craft, 30' max recommended) * Spare paddle/oar * First Aid Kit * Emergency survival blankets (2) "space blankets" * Chart of Local Area * Repair equipment such as extra rudder cable, spare foot peg, drain plug * Additional rescue gear specific to your trip Be sure to securely attach everything to your boat so nothing can float away after a capsize!

Paddle Sports Safety Other Safety Rules Never paddle alone Be a swimmer Inform someone of your plans Learn to recognize and avoid potential hazards For low light, bring light/signal Add flotation to kayaks Get Vessel Safety Check Instructor Notes: Inform someone of your plans: could do my text or email. Better yet, file a Float Plan. This could be done using the CG APP. Add flotation to kayaks: Many kayaks have inadequate flotation to handle capsizing and re-entering. Air filled bladders (“float bags”) should be placed in the bow and especially the stern. Vessel Safety Checks are done by the Auxiliary and the Power Squadron.

Coast Guard Searches for Possible Missing Kayaker* Cohasset, MA – July 2016 Unmarked kayak was found adrift Unsure whether people were in distress Extensive search launched Instructor Notes: Discovery of an adrift paddle craft poses a difficult problem to the Coast Guard: Is someone missing? Should a search be initiated? In this case of a kayak found adrift, an extensive search was launched by sea and air. Expensive: - Air search costs $11K/hour - Sea search costs $3K/hour The owner recognized his kayak from the news reports and recovered his boat from the CG station. Owner said the kayak blew off the dock. * From U. S. Coast Guard Digital Newsroom

Canoeing, Kayaking, … Emergency or lost boat? Fill out sticker and attach to your paddle craft Canoes, kayaks, rowboats, rafts, paddleboards Instructor Notes ASK if anyone needs the decal for their paddle craft, and issue them accordingly. Benefits of Having an If Found Sticker. You get your boat back, Save tax payer money (CG Boat = $3000 per hour, CG Helo = $11,000 per hour, plus state and local search resources), Prevents CG and other resources from unnecessary searches which could take them away from conducting cases that are not false alarms. Allows CG and other resources to quickly determine the urgency of response required when a paddle craft is found with a If Found sticker. Information on this sticker could: Lead to your rescue Return your property to you Save Coast Guard time and costs

Stand Up Paddleboards When beyond swimming, surfing, or bathing area, paddleboard is considered a “vessel” Generally, wearing a life jacket and leash beneficial Life jacket in surf could be dangerous Leash in swift water could be hazardous Instructor Notes: (The following notes are excerpted from the CG Proceedings Fall-Winter 2016 - RBS.) When it is beyond the narrow limits of a swimming, surfing, or bathing area, a paddleboard is considered a “vessel” under 46 U.S.C. § 2101, and is subject to USCG regulations. Generally wearing a life jacket and an appropriate leash would be beneficial. But it can actually be dangerous to wear a life jacket in surf. If you can swim (and I sincerely hope that those who paddleboard can swim), and if you’re actively surfing in the ocean, then wearing a life jacket would not allow you to dive underneath waves once you’ve fallen off your board. In addition, a life jacket would keep your head on the surface — right next to the board’s sharp fins and hard rails. Wearing a leash in moving water or a swift-flowing tidal river could be extremely hazardous. It is a widely accepted practice that SUPs use coiled leashes on lakes and straight leashes in the ocean. A more challenging scenario is presented in tidal and inland rivers with swift-moving water: Imagine falling off your board. The board goes around a dock piling on one side while you go around the other, or the leash snags on a branch along a river. Wearing a leash in those situations could be extremely dangerous. Local, state and federal laws in this area are a work in progress.

Federal Regs on Paddle Sports Wearable life jacket for each person Whistle Visual Distress Signal if on coastal waters at night White light at night and periods of restricted visibility Hull Identification Numbers – canoes and kayaks Abide with Pollution Regulations Follow Navigation Rules Instructor Notes: PFD - 33 CFR 175.11: One wearable life jacket for each person on board Inflatable OK if 16 years of age or older Throwable not required unless 16’ or longer and NOT a kayak or canoe Must be worn by children under 13 years of age while underway For SUPs in surf area, life jacket should not be worn Sound - CFR 83.33 and Navigation Rule 33(b): A vessel of less than 12 meters must have some means of making an efficient sound signal. Visual Distress Signal (VDS) - 33 CFR 175.101. On coastal waters and high seas paddle craft must carry suitable VDS for night use between sunset and sunrise. Lights - Navigation Rule 25 (d)(ii): A vessel under oars shall have an electric torch or lighted lantern showing a white light which shall be exhibited in sufficient time to prevent collision. Hull Identification Numbers (HIN) - 33 CFR 181: HIN are required for canoes and kayaks. SUPs are exempt from HIN requirements. Must abide with Pollution Regulations prohibiting depositing refuge of any kind into US waters. Must abide by the Navigation Rules.

Additional State Regs on Paddle Sports Life jackets must be worn: STATE VESSEL TYPE START END CT Manually propelled October 1 May 31 MA Canoe, kayak September 15 May 15 NY Pleasure November 1 May 1 VT Sailboard January 1 December 31 Instructor Notes: Connecticut Life jackets must be worn by anyone in a manually propelled vessel from October 1 through May 31 Massachusetts Life jackets must be worn by persons on board a canoe or kayak from September 15 to May 15 New York Life jackets must be worn on pleasure vessels between November 1 and May 1 Vermont Persons under 16 years of age must wear a PFD while on board a sailboard

Additional State Regs on Paddle Sports Maine Paddleboards must have visual distress signals on territorial waters between sunset and sunrise Exempt from life jacket requirements are licensed canoes owned by summer camps Vermont Persons under 16 years of age must wear a PFD while on board a sailboard Instructor Notes: Maine: Paddleboards must have visual distress signals when used on territorial waters between sunset and sunrise Exempt from life jacket requirements are licensed canoes owned by a summer camp and used for teaching by a camp counselor at least 18 years old while within 500 feet of the camp’s shoreline Vermont: Persons under 16 years of age must wear a PFD while on board a sailboard

AGES THAT CHILDREN MUST WEAR LIFE JACKETS Federal Less than 13 years of age CT, NJ, RI MA, NH, NY, VT Less than 12 years of age ME Less than 11 years of age Instructor Notes: Note: State regulations take precedence over Federal regulations.

Key Takeaways Wear your life jacket! Pay attention to what is happening around you! Be visible! Communicate! Wear your life jacket! Pay attention to what is happening around you! (situational awareness) Be visible! (clothing and equipment Communicate! With each other in your group and with first responders as needed Copyright Statement

QUESTIONS?

Copyright 2005 - Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc. Following slide is intended for Introductory brief. It is included here for convenience. Copyright 2005 - Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

Coast Guard Rescues Kayaker Portsmouth, NH – January 2017 34 year old man capsized in mouth of River Winds 15 kts with 25 kt gusts 43° water Man was hypothermic not wearing a life jacket or wet/dry suit VERY LUCKY HE DID NOT DIE Instructor Notes From Coast Guard’s Survivor Debrief Form: (Kayaker) launched from the beach … at approximately 1100. After approximately 10 minutes of paddling into the waves his kayak was flipped by a wave. Mr. XXXX was able to re-right himself with his paddles before immediately being rolled over by another wave. This wave pushed him out of the kayak skirt. He surfaced and righted the kayak before trying to climb in. After realizing he was unable to climb back into the kayak and wasn’t able to swim to shore he flipped the kayak upside down and shoved his arms through the skirt, wedging himself in the kayak. Using his legs he kicked and when he felt dizzy he tipped the kayak to let fresh air in. He did hear a boat approaching, hoped it was for him and with his last strength he raised his hand before passing out. There was a life jacket in his forward bilge that he was not able to get to when he flipped over. Copyright 2005 - Coast Guard Auxiliary Association, Inc.

REFERENCES www.nasbla.org/SaferPaddling BoatingCourses.us www.AmericanCanoe.org Instructor Notes Rather than showing this slide, provide each student a copy of the Reverence Sheet. Copyright Statement