Cell Biology Prokaryotic Cell Small ~ 1-2µm No Nucleus Max.? No Nucleus Little Internal Structure Some are Motile Unicellular or Clusters

Always Exceptions? E. fishelsoni - 600µm

Cell Shapes Bacillus Coccus Spirillum Spirochetes Appendaged

Cell Clusters Pairs – Diplo… Diplococcus Chains – Strepto.. Streptococcus Others – Staphylococcus

Cytoplasmic Membrane Phospholipid Bilayer No Sterols Ester linkages Archaea Ether linkage Lipid monolayer Thermophiles

Membrane Function Selective Permeability Transport Proteins Simple Transport

Group Translocation Glucose PEP Glucose 6 PO4 Pyruvate Transport linked to Glycolysis

ABC System Transport Periplamsic-binding protein Membrane-spanning protein Kinase

Bacterial Cell Wall Peptidoglycan, Murein Layer n-acetylglucosamine n-acetylmuramic acid Peptide Cross Links Diaminopimelic acid d-Alanine  1-4 Linkage

Gram Positive Cell Wall Multi-Track layer Teichoic Acid Lysozyme Protoplast Autolysins Archaea Pseudopeptidoglycan

Gram Negative Envelope Outer Membrane Lipopolysaccharides Peptidoglycan Periplasmic space Cytoplasmic Membrane

Gram Negative Outer Membrane Lipopolysaccharides Endotoxins Pyrogens Lipid A Core Polysaccharide O Polysaccharide Porins Periplasmic Space

Prokaryotic DNA Closed Circles E. coli chromosome has 4.6 million Bases Supercoiled Haploid Sometimes Plasmids

Flagella Polar flagella Lophotrichous Peritrichous flagella Flagellin Self Assembly

Taxis Chemotaxis Tumbles – Runs Phototaxis Magnetotaxis

Outer Surface Flagella Pili - Fimbriae Capsule Slime Layer Glycocalyx

Inclusion Bodies Poly--Hydroxybutyric Acid Glycogen

Polyphosphate –Metachromatic granules Sulfur

Magnetosomes

Gas Vesicles

Endospores Most Resistance Cell Withstand Boiling Formed in Cells Contains Calcium dipicolinic Acid

Eukaryotic Cells Contains Organelles Nucleus Mitochondria Chloroplasts

Endosymbiotic Theory

Teichoic –Lipoteichoic acid

Cell Biology Word List Prokaryotic 0.1-50m Transport Cell Shape 600m Max? Proteins Bacillus Cytoplasmic Group Coccus Membrane Translocation Spirillum Phospholipid Cell Wall Spirochete Bilayer Peptidoglycan Appendaged Sterols N-acetyl- Strepto, Diplo, Archaea glucosamine Staphylo. Ether-links Size? Permeability muramic acid

Cell Biology Word List 2 Peptide Archaea Core Poly- Cross-links Pseudo- saccharide Diamino- peptidoglycan Porins pimelic acid Gram - Periplasmic D-Alanine Lipopoly- Space  1-4 linkage Autolysin Gram+ Outer Prokaryotic Teichoic acid Membrane DNA Lysozyme Endotoxin Closed Circles Protoplast Lipid A 4.6X106Bases

Cell Biology Word List 3 Supercoiled Phototaxis Acid Haploid Magnetotaxis Glycogen Plasmids Pili, Fimbriae Poly- Flagella Capsule, phosphate Polar Flagella Glycocalyx Metachromatic Peritrichous Slime layer granules Flagellin Inclusion Sulfur Self-Assembly Bodies Magnetosomes Chemotaxis Poly-- Gas Vesicles Tumbles-Runs hydroxybutyric Endospores

Cell Biology Word List 4 Endospores Endosymbiotic Dipicolinic Theory Acid Eukaryotic Organelles Nucleus Mitochondria Chloroplasts