Eukaryotic Cell Structure Cells and Organelles 2.4 Notes

Domain: Eukaryote These cells all have a nucleus!

Cell Structure: Most cells have the same basic construction; they are: Surrounded by a cell membrane (like skin) Centered around a nucleus Made up of various organelles Organelle- miniature organs with specific functions.

Cell membrane Function: Controls what goes in and out of the cell Nickname: “screen” on a window

Nucleus Function: Controls everything that happens in the cell. Holds ALL the DNA Nickname: “brain” of the cell

Cytoplasm All the stuff between the cell membrane and the nucleus (including the organelles).

Mitochondria Function: Makes energy for the cell. Nickname: “Power House”

Chloroplasts (plants only*) Function: Makes energy for the cell through Photosynthesis. It is GREEN! *some protists Nickname: “Solar Power”

Lysososome Function: Storage for digestive enzymes Nickname: “Garbage disposal” of the cell.

Endoplasmic Reticulum SMOOTH Endoplasmic Reticulum ROUGH Endoplasmic Reticulum AKA: “Smooth ER” Function: Makes proteins and lipids (fats) AKA: “Rough ER” Function: Makes, modifies and transports proteins. Covered in Ribosomes (makes it look rough) Nickname (for both): “roads”

Ribosome Function: Makes proteins Very tiny! All those little dots! Not *really* an organelle (but super important)

Golgi Apparatus Golgi Apparatus = Golgi Body = Golgi Complex Function: Stores, modifies and ships stuff around the cell Nickname: “UPS” truck

Vacuole Fluid-filled spaces Function: Stores water In Animals- a few small ones In Plants- ONE HUGE ONE!

Cell Wall IN ALL PLANTS! And some protists and bacteria. Function: Provides protection and support Makes plants “crunchy”

Centriole/Centrosome Animal Cells ONLY – Function: helps with cell division (making new cells)

Cilia and Flagella Cilia Flagella Function: Lots of little hairs used for moving. Function: One or just a few larger “tails” used for moving

Quick Review Which organelle is the control center of the cell? Nucleus Which organelle holds the cell together? Cell membrane Which organelles are not found in animal cells? Cell wall, central vacuole, chloroplasts Which organelle helps plant cells make food? Chloroplasts What does E.R. stand for? Endoplasmic reticulum You may choose to delete the answers from the PowerPoint or change the animation so that they come in after all 5 questions are asked in case you want to quiz students individually at the end.

Comparing Plant and Animal Cells