Organelles Just like the human body has organs, each of which performs a different and specific function…. Cells have ‘organelles’, each of which performs a different and specific function.

Targets 5. I can explain the role of the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus in protein secretion. 6. I can list the three organelles that make the cells proteins. 7. I can list the two organelles that make the cells energy.

Cell Membrane and Cell Wall Function: controls what goes in and out of cell Location: surrounds the cell Facts: Animal and plant cells phospholipids Function: structure and support to plant cells Location: outside the membrane Facts: Plant cells only cellulose

Cytoplasm Function: prevents cell from collapsing Location: between nucleus and cell membrane Facts: cytoskeleton provides additional support. Made mostly of water; some sugar and proteins

Nucleus Function: Stores genetic information (DNA) Facts: Largest organelle, surrounded by nuclear envelope (porus) Nucleolus is where ribosomes are made

Ribosomes Function: Make proteins Location: found on rough ER and some are free-floating in the cytoplasm

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Function: Folded membrane that makes and moves proteins (like an assembly line) Location: Right outside nucleus Facts: Rough ER: has ribosomes Smooth ER: no ribosomes

Golgi Bodies or Apparatus Function: process, sort and deliver proteins Facts: Receives proteins from ER Packages protein to ship where needed (inside or outside the cell)

Mitochondria Function: makes energy for the cell (plant and animal) Facts: Bean shaped organelle, inner and outer membrane Converts glucose from food into ATP(energy)

Chloroplasts Function: make energy plant cells only Facts: - Where photosynthesis occurs; convert sunlight into glucose Ships glucose to mitochondria to break down into ATP (energy)

Lysosomes Function: digest/recycle old cell parts; break down invading bacteria and viruses Facts: Filled with enzymes that break down molecules Membrane protects rest of cell from destructive enzymes. Many in animal cells; fewer in plant cells

Vacuoles Function: Store and transport materials in, out and around cell Facts: Animal cells - many small vacuoles that transport macromolecules Plant cells - one large vacuole that stores water

Centrioles Function: move and organize chromosomes during cell division Facts: - Found only in animal cells

Both plant and animal cells have: Nucleus. Cytoplasm. Nucleolus Both plant and animal cells have: Nucleus Cytoplasm Nucleolus Cytoskeleton Chromatin Lysosomes ER (rough and smooth) Cell Membrane Golgi Bodies Mitochondria Plants cells have: large central vacuole cell wall chloroplasts Animal cells have: small vacuoles centrioles