Plant Physiology Plant Functions: Form & Function

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Presentation transcript:

Plant Physiology Plant Functions: Form & Function 1. capture energy & assimilate carbon 2. distribute nutrients & water 3. grow & develop 4. respond to the environment 5. reproduce

Plant Cell smallest functional unit cell wall plasma membrane protoplast organelles nucleus/nucleoplasm cytoplasm Cytosol (gel)

Plasmalemma Unit Membrane & Fluid Mozaic Models fig 1.17 Integral, Peripheral pores, enzyme systems Glycolipids ___________ Protein ____________ Phospholipid __

Plant Cell smallest functional unit Nucleus - Genetic Material DNA Chromosomes Double Membrane - pores Nucleolus - -> Ribosome production (Protein production)

Plant Cell smallest functional unit Cytoskeleton 3-D network Microtubules tubulin Microfilaments actin Dynamic -> Cytoplasmic Streaming tubulin Actin

Plant Cell smallest functional unit Mitochondrion - double membrane cover Cell respiration -> ATPs glycolysis Krebs Cycle

Plant Cell smallest functional unit Chloroplast - photosynthesis “Endosymbiosis”

Plant Cell smallest functional unit Plastids - Protoplast -> Chloroplast - photosynthesis Amyloplast - starch storage Chromoplast - pigment storage fig. 1.21

Plant Cell smallest functional unit Microbodies Oleosomes - lipid storage; mainly in seeds 1/2 membrane cover; from smooth ER Peroxisomes - contain catalase; rid hydrogen peroxide single layer membrane cover Glyoxysomes - fatty-acid metabolism

Plant Cell smallest functional unit Cell Wall - Primary - Cellulose Microfibrils 50% - Pectin 35% - Glycans (10%) forms X-linkages between Microfibrils, dynamic

Plant Cell smallest functional unit Plasmodesmata - continuation of plasmalemma between cells Desmotubules - continuation of ER

Plant Cell smallest functional unit Primary Pit Field - No secondary CW Pits, Pit Pairs

Cells --> Tissues Parenchyma - photosynthesis; storage (Chlorenchyma); undifferentiated cells Collenchyma - support Sclerenchyma - support Xylem - (tracheids & vessels) conducting water & minerals Phloem - (seive tube elements & companion cells); conducting organic food in solution

Cells --> Tissues Epidermis - protective covering; replaced by phlellem; (guard cells, cuticle) Periderm - (Cork or phlellem cells); forms cork cambium

Plant Development seed --> embryo --> adult plant

Largest Seed Known??

Adult Plant Body (angiosperm organs) Meristems Apical primary growth Lateral secondary growth vascular cambium cork cambium

Adult Plant Body (angiosperm organs) Root

Adult Plant Body (angiosperm organs) Stem

Monocots vs. Dicots

Leaves Petiole & Blade

Leaves Petiole & Blade

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