Cell Organelles Animal vs. Plant Cells

Bell Ringer An individual who has had chicken pox rarely gets this disease again. This situation is an example of A. biological control B. negative feedback C. active immunity D. passive immunity What is the question asking What is the correct answer Was i correct or incorrect while answering this question? Why? 2

Today’s Agenda Bell Ringer (5 minutes) Introduction (10 minutes) Group Activity (30 minutes) Teacher Presentation (20 minutes) Independent Practice (20 minutes) Exit Quiz (10 minutes)

"Cell City"

Essential Question How have organelles enabled eukaryotic cells to become successful?

Review: The Classification of Cells There are two types of cells:

Review: Prokaryotes vs. Eukaryotes Eukaryotes are/have: Big More Complex The nucleus houses the cell's DNA, keeps things organized Prokaryotes are/have: Small Less Complex No nucleus around the DNA No need for a special container because the cell is so small!!!

PARTS OF CELLS Organelles: Small, specialized structures inside cells such as the nucleus or mitochondria. All living things are made up of cells, but not all cells are the same.

Cell Membrane/Plasma Membrane Organelles Organelle Prokaryote Or Eukaryote Plant or Animal Cell Function   Cell Wall Both Plant Protects plant and some prokaryotic cells; supports cell. Cell Membrane/Plasma Membrane Controls what enters and exits a cell.  Cytoplasm Jelly-like substance that holds the organelles outside of the nucleus. Nucleus Eukaryote Holds the DNA (genetic information) of cells –Surrounded by a nuclear membrane with pores

Organelles Organelle Prokaryote Or Eukaryote Plant or Animal Cell Function   Nuclear Membrane Eukaryote Both Surrounds the genetic material and nucleolus Nucleolus Round body located inside of the nucleus. Chromatin The material that chromosomes are made of (Protein + genetic material) Mitochondria Cellular respiration occurs here to produce ATP → this is the power house of the cell.

Endoplasmic Reticulum Organelles Organelle Prokaryote Or Eukaryote Plant or Animal Cell Function   Ribosomes Both Where proteins are made Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Eukaryote “highway of the cell” and site of protein and lipid synthesis. Highly folded to increase surface area available to make more proteins and lipids Golgi apparatus Sorts and packages cellular products →like the post office of the cell. Pieces of the Golgi are pinched off to form vesicles that deliver the cellular products

Organelles Organelle Prokaryote Or Eukaryote Plant or Animal Cell Function   Lysosomes Eukaryote Both Breaks down waste products Vacuoles Stores water and waste, supports plant cell by exerting pressure on the cell wall. Plants have a large central vacuole. Chloroplast Plant Photosynthesis occurs here in plant cells. Microtubules Tube-shaped protein structures that help cells maintain their shape Cilia/Flagella Animal Located outside of the cell. Flagella helps the cell move around. Cilia helps move substances over or around the cell.

Nucleus

Ribosomes

8. ER

Golgi apparatus

lysosome

This is in an animal cell This is in an animal cell. The vacuoles are small and don’t take up much space vacuole

This is in a plant cell. It has one large central vacuole that stores water the plant needs to survive. It is LARGE and takes up a lot of space

cell membrane/plasma membrane

Large Central Vacuole Used to store water and other materials Vacuole We can get up and drink water when they need it and they cant they need to store it. Why do plant cells have certain organelles that animal cells do not? Plant cells and animal cells share most of the same organelles, but plant cells have a cell wall, chloroplasts and a larger central vacuole.

Chloroplasts Chloroplasts:  It is the site for photosynthesis in a plant cell. Animals don’t do photosynthesis.

Review: Cell Wall Rigid outer layer Provides structure and support for the cell Protects the cell membrane Cell wall: Provides rigidity, strength, protection against mechanical stress and infection. Animal Cell Wall

Check for understanding What are the two different types of eukaryotic cells? Nucleus, vacuole, cell wall, cytoskeleton: Which of these is found in plants but not animal cells? How is the vacuole different in plant cells? Plant and animal cell wall much larger holds water for plant

Check for understanding Mitochondria or chloroplast: which is only found in plant cells? chloroplast - make food from sunlight (mitochondria are in BOTH animal and plant cells)

Check for understanding What are THREE differences between a plant and animal cell? Plants have chloroplast; animals do not Plants have cell walls; animals do not Plants have a large central water vacuole to store water (animals vacuoles are small)

Notebook Output 5 Min Choose one question and answer Do you think that eukaryotes could have evolved without prokaryotes? Explain. How have organelles enabled eukaryotic cells to become successful? By comparing a bee's body mass to its wing span, it has been calculated that a bee should not be able to fly. Cell biologists have since found that the muscles which control the wings of the bee have a huge number of mitochondria. Explain why this discovery may help explain why bees are able to fly. Although cells were first discovered during the 1660s, how would you explain the fact that most of our knowledge about cell structure and function has occurred within the last 50 years? Cells of the stomach lining have large numbers of ribosomes and Golgi apparatuses. Explain why? Why is a scientist unlikely to say, “It’s only a theory,” when referring to a scientific principle. To a scientists, a theory is an explanation that is supported by large amounts of data. “Only a theory” implies uncertainty. Do you think that eukaryotes could have evolved without prokaryotes? Explain. Eukaryotes could have evolved without prokaryotes, but the process might have taken a lot longer because organelles would have been built “from scratch” rather than simply being “swallowed up”. How have organelles enabled eukaryotic cells to become successful? Organelles function as specialized compartments making a eukaryotic cell much more efficient than a prokaryotic cell By comparing a bee's body mass to its wing span, it has been calculated that a bee should not be able to fly. Cell biologists have since found that the muscles which control the wings of the bee have a huge number of mitochondria. Explain why this discovery may help explain why bees are able to fly. Muscles that move the wings need great amounts of energy which mitochondria can produce. Although cells were first discovered during the 1660s, how would you explain the fact that most of our knowledge about cell structure and function has occurred within the last 50 years? Our increase in knowledge about cells is a result of advancements in scientific technology Cells of the stomach lining have large numbers of ribosomes and Golgi apparatuses. Explain why? Ribosomes produce proteins (enzymes) that digest nutrients and the Golgi apparatus prepares them for export.

Home Learning: 3D model of a Cell You must choose whether you would prefer to build a 3D model of a Plant or an Animal cell Research/Google the organelles that belong to the type of cell you chose You can use any type of material you would like as long as your model is a 3D one. Yes your cell could be edible if choose to do so. You can also make a paper 3D model, as long as you are gluing your pieces and not just drawing/coloring. 22

Home Learning: 3D model of a Cell Animal Nucleus DNA/Chromosomes Ribosomes Smooth and Rough: Endoplasmatic Reticulum Golgi apparatus Lysosomes Cell membrane Vacuole Mitochondria Cytoplasm Plant Nucleus DNA/Chromosomes Ribosomes Smooth and Rough: Endoplasmatic Reticulum Golgi apparatus Lysosomes Cell Wall Central Vacuole Mitochondria Cytoplasm Chloroplast 22

Independent Practice 20 Min BINGO GAME: WINNER GETS A SURPRISE REPORT CARDS ARE COMING OUT SOON :)

Exit ticket 10 MIN Put all materials away/pack up!