Unit 3.1 Notes Part 2: Spanish Rule Ends in Texas Essential Questions: What was the effect of the Hidalgo Revolution? What was the result of Spain closing down the missions in Texas?

OL Tuesday 10/11

Remember, your notebook paper should be set up like this Remember, your notebook paper should be set up like this! Don’t draw the bottom line yet. What goes on the left? What goes in the center? Today we are going to start adding the bottom part! What is it?

What was the Hidalgo Revolution? Father Miguel Hidalgo Y Costilla issues the “grito de delores”, or cry for Mexican independence from Spain Mexican people should govern themselves and revolt against Spain NOTE: Father Miguel Hidalgo ≠ Father Francisco Hidalgo from Unit 2 (no relation)

His forces fail to capture Mexico City, and Hidalgo is captured and executed in 1811 He inspires others to take up arms

1. Stop! Chunk your notes (Draw a line) 2. Stand up and find 1 or 2 people somewhere else in the room. Discuss the question: What was the Hidalgo Revolution? 3. Underneath the chunk: Write 1-2 sentences explaining what the Hidalgo Revolution was.

What was the effect of the Hidalgo Revolution? Gutierrez-Magee Expedition: Jose Bernardo Gutierrez de Lara, one of Hidalgo’s supporters; recruits American Augustus Magee for help in the liberation of Texas from Spain In August 1812, they form the “Republican Army of the North”, and later capture Nacogdoches, Goliad, and San Antonio The Army issue a declaration of independence for Texas Above: Solid Green Flag of the Gutierrez-Magee Expedition

Americans wanted a republic Mexicans wanted a government with appointed officials Americans wanted TX independence from Mexico Mexicans wanted Texas to remain part of Mexico In August 1813, the Republican Army is defeated by the Spanish Army at the Battle of Medina north of San Antonio. They kill/execute most of the Republican Army.

1. Stop! Chunk your notes (Draw a line) 2. Stand up and find different people somewhere else in the room. Discuss the questions: What was the Gutierrez-Magee expedition? How did they ultimately fail? 3. Underneath the chunk: Write 2-3 sentences explaining what the effect of the Hidalgo Revolution was.

How did revolutionaries and pirates affect Spanish Texas? French pirates helped against Spanish resistance along the Gulf Coast. Louis Michel Aury transported an expedition of Mexican rebel troops along the coast under the command of Francisco Mina Jean Laffite was more interested in capturing Spanish wealth/ships for himself than fighting for Mexican independence. Above: Jean Laffite

Above: James Long’s Flag Long Invasion: James Long, a filibuster, was angry that the U.S. surrendered claim to Texas (What treaty did the U.S. do this???) He led a force of rebels and captured Nacogdoches and declared Texas a free and independent and was elected president. Above: James Long’s Flag

While Long was in Galveston seeking Jean Laffite’s aid, Spanish troops defeated Long’s forces in East Texas. Long recruited more troops and captured Goliad, but was forced to surrender to Spanish troops. He was later taken to Mexico City and accidentally killed by a guard.

1. Stop. Chunk your notes (Draw a line) 2 1. Stop! Chunk your notes (Draw a line) 2. Stand up and find different people somewhere else in the room. Discuss the questions: What’s the difference between Aury and Lafitte? What happened in the Long Invasion? 3. Underneath the chunk: Write 2-3 sentences explaining how pirates AND revolutionaries such as James Long affected Texas.

Who is Jane Long? Followed husband James Had “the first Anglo child in Texas” Known as “the Mother of Texas”