We NEED Energy! DaNel Hogan Mike Wiedenfeld Denise Humphreys

Science of Energy

What is energy? Ability to do work or cause change Produces Warmth Produces Light Produces Sound Produces Movement Produces Growth Powers Technology

POTENTIAL KINETIC Classes of Energy Energy of motion Stored energy or energy of position Kinetic, Electrical, Sound, Radiant, Thermal Gravitational, Elastic, Nuclear, Chemical

Potential Energy Gravitational Potential Energy – energy an object or substance has because of its position Anything elevated

Elastic Energy – stored in an object by the application of force Potential Energy Elastic Energy – stored in an object by the application of force Stretching, compressing or deforming something that wants to go back to its original shape

Nuclear Energy – energy stored in the nucleus of an atom Potential Energy Nuclear Energy – energy stored in the nucleus of an atom Bonds that hold the nucleus together

Chemical Energy – energy stored in the bonds between atoms Potential Energy Chemical Energy – energy stored in the bonds between atoms Holds molecules together

Kinetic Energy Mechanical Kinetic Energy – movement of objects or substances from one place to another .

Electrical Energy – movement of electrons or other charged particles Kinetic Energy Electrical Energy – movement of electrons or other charged particles NOT AN ELECTRON PARADE!

Kinetic Energy Sound Energy – movement of energy through substances in the form of longitudinal (compression and rarefaction) waves

Kinetic Energy Radiant Energy – electromagnetic energy that travels in transverse waves

Kinetic Energy Thermal Energy – internal energy of a substance due to the vibration of atoms and molecules making up the substance

Transition: Forms to Sources Forms - How Scientists Classify Energy Sources - Where We Get the Energy To Make Our Lives More Comfortable, Convenient, & Enjoyable Transition: Forms to Sources Chemical Chemical Chemical Motion Chemical Motion Nuclear Thermal Chemical Radiant 86.62% 8.50% 4.46% 0.23% This worksheet which is included in both Science of Energy Guides helps students learn the difference between forms of energy and energy sources and explains how they are related. Again explain that torms of energy are how scientists classify the different kinds of energy. Energy sources are where we get the energy we use everyday to make our lives more comfortable and convenient. An example of this is the energy we receive from the sun comes in the form of radiant energy. We call this resource (source) solar energy. Quickly explain how this sheet is used by students. Don’t spend too much time on it. 0.16% 9.39% 90.6% The NEED Project

Most of the energy consumed in the U.S. is stored in the form of Take note… Most of the energy consumed in the U.S. is stored in the form of ! chemical energy

Take note… Biomass provides us with the greatest amount of energy when considering renewable energy sources.

Take note… Petroleum provides us with the greatest amount of energy when considering nonrenewable energy sources.

provides the largest portion of imported oil to the United States. Take note… Canada provides the largest portion of imported oil to the United States.

The top five sources of energy used in the U.S. are Take note… The top five sources of energy used in the U.S. are petroleum, natural gas, coal, uranium, and biomass.

Take note… Nonrenewable sources of energy make up over % of U.S. energy consumption. 90

U.S. Primary Energy Flow by Source and Sector, 2012 (Quadrillion Btu) http://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/pdf/flow/css_2012_energy.pdf

Take note… are the two fossil fuel energy sources used to generate approximately 65% of electricity in the United States. Coal and natural gas

is the state that mines the most coal. Wyoming Take note… is the state that mines the most coal. (HINT: Powder River Basin) Wyoming

Take note… Hydropower is the renewable source of energy used to generate more electricity than any other renewable source in the United States.

Take note… The national average cost of a residential kWh of electricity is cents. 12

Energy Transfers 1 – Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only changed or transformed. Law of Conservation of Energy First Law of Thermodynamics 2 – Energy will always transfer from high to low. 3 – No energy transfer is 100% efficient.

Take note… Electricity was not listed as a primary source of energy. It is a source – some other source of energy must be converted into electricity. secondary

Just like the shake light! Take note… A majority of electricity is generated by Just like the shake light! moving coils of wire through magnetic fields.

Chemical Kinetic Name the Transfer

Radiant Chemical Name the Transfer

Electrical Thermal Name the Transfer

Chemical Kinetic Name the Transfer

All energy flows begin with energy if you trace them back far enough! Take note… All energy flows begin with energy if you trace them back far enough! nuclear

Energy does work or causes Two main classes of energy: change. In Review Energy does work or causes Two main classes of energy: change. potential and kinetic.

In Review Gravitational, Elastic, Nuclear, Chemical Potential Energy – stored energy or energy of position Kinetic Energy – energy of motion Gravitational, Elastic, Nuclear, Chemical Mechanical Kinetic, Electrical, Sound, Radiant, Thermal

In Review Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only Energy always transfers from Energy transfers are 100% efficient. changed or transformed. low to high. high to low. high to low. never

Station Rules and Hints READ the directions. FOLLOW the directions. READ the “What the heck?” CLEAN up and reset before moving on. BE CAREFUL! Hot lights. Fire! Hot water Projectiles