The Counter Reformation Dubbs World January 6, 2015

Warm Up January 8, 2015 What complaints did protestants have about the Roman Catholic Church? What changes did each of the four key protestant groups make?

Table of Contents Ren Art Characteristics Humanism Reformation Guiding Questions Protestant Denominations The Reformation Continues BW Counter-Reformation Notes

Warm Up Get out a loose leaf sheet of paper and label and title it with the date and page number. (39) Counter-Reformation Notes 1/8/15

Reforming the Catholic Church Counter-Reformation The Catholic Church’s series of reforms in response to the spread of Protestantism in the mid-1500’s to the early 1600’s.

The Counter Reformation The Church had two tactics: Reform the Church from Within Council of Trent Stop the Spread of Protestantism Water Torture during the Inquisition

Early Reformers Girolamo Savonarola Monk who tried to change the church from within. “Bonfire of the Vanities” Excommunicated and Executed in Florence.

Religious Orders Jesuits “Society of Jesus” Renewed church’s emphasis of spirituality and service. Founded by Ignatius of Loyola Basque Nobleman and former soldier. Concentrated on education as a means of combating the Protestant Reformation.

What does this quote by Loyola mean? “We should always be disposed to believe that that which appears white is really black, if the hierarchy of the Church so decides.”

Warm Up 1/12/15 What was the Council of Trent and why was it held?

Council of Trent 1545-1563

The Council of Trent 1545-1563 Lutheran Complaints Stance by Council of Trent “By faith alone the just shall live” and go to heaven Denied the Lutheran idea of justification by faith. They affirmed, in other words, their Doctrine of Merit, which allows human beings to redeem themselves through Good Works, and through the sacraments. Denied purgatory and legitimacy of indulgences Affirmed the existence of Purgatory and the usefulness of prayer and indulgences in shortening a person's stay in purgatory.

The Council of Trent 1545-1563 Lutheran Complaints Stance by Council of Trent No miracle in communion, only 3 sacraments kept Reaffirmed the belief in transubstantiation and the importance of all seven sacraments Authority in Scripture alone Reaffirmed the authority of both scripture and the teachings and traditions of the Church Religious art seen as symbolic, not divine Reaffirmed the necessity and correctness of religious art, while asserting that it was not divine

Contemporary Ties What are contemporary complaints about the Roman Catholic Church? How can individuals respond? How can the Roman Catholic Church respond? http://www.cbsnews.com/videos/pope-francis-part-two/

The Inquisitions Two different Inquisitions: Roman Inquisition (1542) Spanish Inquisition (1478) The Roman Inquisition tried people for: Being Protestant Witchcraft Breaking with Church Law

Spanish Inquisition Tried to convert: Jews Muslims Protestants Many accounts of torture and executions! Index of Forbidden Books= censorship

Expulsion of Jews and Muslims Spain gives these groups of people three options. (1) CONVERT to Christianity (2) GET OUT of Spain (3) DIE Jews segregated to ghettos in other countries like France, England and Netherlands Ghettos- walled sections of the city and their gates closed at a certain time each evening.

Expulsion of Jews

Warm Up 1/13/15 What was the inquisition and why was it used?

The Protestant Reformation’s Long Term Effects

Changes in Religion Jesuits bring many back to the Catholic Church, and renew the doctrines of the Catholic Church. New denominations form because reformers interpret the Bible differently

Political Effects States and businesses want Separation of Church and State

Europe in 1555

Based on the divisions on the preceding map, can you predict what will happen in Europe next? Massive bloodshed and warfare as members of the different religions battle with each other.

Conflicts among Germans Peasants War is stirred by Renaissance and Reformation ideas. Luther is connected with this revolt even though he denounces it. Local Lutheran Princes go to war with Holy Roman Emperor. Peace of Augsburg (1555) Each prince can choose the religion that his subjects would practice.

Conflicts between Religions Conflicts between Catholic faith and Protestant faith in France. In 1598, the Edict of Nantes granted religious freedom to French Protestants. Fighting between Catholics and Protestants continues especially in England with Henry VIII children and later on…